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Speed-dependent variation in the Piper rhythm.

Christian Maurer1, Vinzenz von Tscharner, Benno M Nigg

  • 1Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Christian.maurer.cm@gmail.com

Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology : Official Journal of the International Society of Electrophysiological Kinesiology
|February 16, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers identified the Piper rhythm in gastrocnemius muscle surface electromyography (sEMG) during running. This muscle activation rhythm

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Neurophysiology
  • Human Movement Science

Background:

  • Rhythmic fluctuations, known as the Piper rhythm, were previously detected in surface electromyography (sEMG) primarily during isometric contractions.
  • Recent advancements utilizing non-linear scaled wavelets have enabled the detection of this periodic signal during cyclic movements, such as running.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the Piper rhythm in the gastrocnemius muscle across various running velocities.
  • To investigate the origin and potential neural underpinnings of the detected rhythmic signal during dynamic locomotion.

Main Methods:

  • Surface electromyography (sEMG) was recorded from the medial and lateral bellies of the gastrocnemius muscle in 13 participants.
  • Non-linear scaled wavelets were employed for time and frequency analysis of the sEMG signals during running at speeds ranging from 1.3 to 4.9 m/s.

Main Results:

  • A distinct rhythmic signal, the Piper rhythm (20-35 Hz), was identified in both gastrocnemius muscle compartments during running.
  • The frequency of the Piper rhythm decreased significantly with increasing running velocity for all participants.
  • Analysis suggested the rhythm originates from muscle activation patterns, not mechanical vibrations, and indicated independent control of the medial and lateral muscle compartments.

Conclusions:

  • The Piper rhythm is present and quantifiable in the gastrocnemius muscle during running, exhibiting velocity-dependent characteristics.
  • The findings support the hypothesis that this rhythm may reflect central nervous system (CNS) control, potentially a cortical rhythm, influencing muscle activation during locomotion.
  • Independent control mechanisms for the medial and lateral gastrocnemius compartments are suggested by the lack of correlation between their rhythmic activity.