Amperometric glucose biosensor based on glucose oxidase-lectin biospecific interaction

Area of Science:

• Electrochemistry
• Nanomaterials Science
• Biosensor Technology

Background:

• Development of sensitive and selective glucose biosensors is crucial for diabetes management.
• Existing biosensors face challenges in stability, sensitivity, and selectivity.
• Hybrid nanomaterials offer enhanced catalytic properties for biosensing applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a highly sensitive amperometric glucose biosensor.
• To leverage the electrocatalytic activity of gold/platinum hybrid functionalized zinc oxide nanorods (Pt-Au@ZnONRs).
• To utilize the specific binding between glucose oxidase (GOx) and Concanavalin A (ConA) for enhanced biosensing.

Main Methods:

• Preparation of Pt-Au@ZnONRs via multi-step chemosynthesis.
• Modification of glassy carbon electrode (GCE) with Pt-Au@ZnONRs and porous gold nanocrystals (pAu).
• Immobilization of Concanavalin A (ConA) and glucose oxidase (GOx) through physical, covalent, and biospecific interactions.

Main Results:

• The Pt-Au@ZnONRs composites were characterized by TEM and XPS.
• The biosensor exhibited a wide linear range (1.8 μM to 5.15 mM) for glucose detection.
• Achieved a low detection limit (0.6 μM), low apparent Michaelis-Menten constant (0.41 mM), good reproducibility, stability, and selectivity.

Conclusions:

• The developed glucose biosensor demonstrates high electrocatalytic activity and sensitivity.
• The integration of Pt-Au@ZnONRs and GOx-lectin interaction is effective for biosensor fabrication.
• This approach shows potential for advanced biosensors and biocatalysts.