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Splanchnic hemodynamic response to passive hyperventilation.

E E Johnson

    Journal of Applied Physiology
    |January 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Hyperventilation in dogs, even causing respiratory alkalosis, increased splanchnic and portal venous pressure. Mesenteric vascular resistance rose, indicating reduced intestinal capillary surface area during mechanical ventilation.

    Area of Science:

    • Physiology
    • Cardiovascular Research

    Background:

    • Mechanical ventilation is crucial in critical care.
    • Understanding its effects on splanchnic hemodynamics is vital.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of hyperventilation-induced hypocapnia on splanchnic hemodynamics.
    • To assess changes in mesenteric oxygen consumption and capillary surface area.

    Main Methods:

    • Anesthetized, splenectomized dogs were subjected to mechanical hyperventilation.
    • Two groups were maintained: normocapnia (normal CO2) and hypocapnia (low CO2).
    • Splanchnic hemodynamics, portal pressure, and mesenteric oxygen consumption were measured.

    Main Results:

    • Both normocapnic and hypocapnic hyperventilation increased hepatic and portal venous pressures.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Mesenteric vascular resistance significantly increased in most dogs.
  • Mesenteric oxygen consumption decreased by approximately 30%, suggesting reduced intestinal capillary surface area.

    • Conclusions:

    • Tidal hyperventilation, with or without hypocapnia, alters splanchnic hemodynamics.
    • Reduced mesenteric oxygen consumption indicates a decrease in functional intestinal capillary surface area.
    • Hepatic oxygen uptake remained largely unaffected.