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Related Concept Videos

Infertility in Females01:28

Infertility in Females

Female infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse and affects about 10–15% of couples worldwide. The primary cause of female infertility is ovulatory disorders, which hinder the release of eggs. These disorders can be classified as hypothalamic amenorrhea, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure, and hyperprolactinemic anovulation disorders.
Endometriosis, a condition characterized by abnormal growth of endometrial...
In Vitro Fertilization01:24

In Vitro Fertilization

In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a form of assisted reproductive technology where an egg is fertilized with sperm in a controlled laboratory environment before transferring the resulting embryo into the uterus. This process is designed to help individuals and couples experiencing difficulties conceiving.
The IVF process begins with ovarian stimulation, during which reproductive endocrinologists prescribe hormonal medications to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs instead of the single...
Infertility in Males01:23

Infertility in Males

Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...
Fertilization01:38

Fertilization

During fertilization, an egg and sperm cell fuse to create a new diploid structure. In humans, the process occurs once the egg has been released from the ovary, and travels into the fallopian tubes. The process requires several key steps: 1) sperm present in the genital tract must locate the egg; 2) once there, sperm need to release enzymes to help them burrow through the protective zona pellucida of the egg; and 3) the membranes of a single sperm cell and egg must fuse, with the sperm...
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
Loss of Tumor Suppressor Gene Functions01:12

Loss of Tumor Suppressor Gene Functions

Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
When the tumor suppressor genes develop mutations or are lost, cells start growing out of control, leading to cancer. However, a single functional copy of the tumor suppressor gene is enough for the cells to maintain their normal functions and cell...

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Yeast As a Chassis for Developing Functional Assays to Study Human P53
14:57

Yeast As a Chassis for Developing Functional Assays to Study Human P53

Published on: August 4, 2019

The TP53 fertility network.

Diego d'Avila Paskulin1, Vanessa Rodrigues Paixão-Côrtes, Pierre Hainaut

  • 1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. ; Laboratório de Medicina Genômica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.

Genetics and Molecular Biology
|February 16, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The TP53 gene, known as the guardian of the genome, is crucial for suppressing tumors. Emerging research suggests TP53 pathway genes also play a significant role in human fertility.

Keywords:
TP53fertilityp53 network

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Reproductive Biology

Background:

  • The TP53 gene, identified in 1979 and recognized as a tumor suppressor in 1989, encodes the p53 protein, a critical regulator of cellular stress responses.
  • The p53 protein acts as a transcription factor, inhibiting oncogenesis through apoptosis, senescence, and cell cycle arrest, and is frequently inactivated in cancers.
  • While its role in cancer is well-established, recent findings indicate TP53's involvement in metabolism, autophagy, differentiation, development, and potentially fertility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of TP53 family genes and the TP53 pathway concerning their functions in fertility.
  • To present novel analyses of genomic and genotype databases to explore the TP53 pathway's role in human reproduction.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of TP53 family genes and the TP53 pathway in relation to fertility.
  • Bioinformatic analysis of genomic and genotype databases.

Main Results:

  • TP53 pathway genes are implicated in various cellular processes beyond tumor suppression.
  • Genetic variations within the TP53 pathway suggest a role in human reproductive functions.
  • Database analyses provide new insights into the TP53 pathway's involvement in reproduction.

Conclusions:

  • The TP53 pathway's functions extend to regulating fertility, representing a new area of research.
  • Further investigation into the TP53 pathway is warranted to fully understand its impact on human reproduction.