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Viral Mutations00:36

Viral Mutations

A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material for adaptive...
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Isolation of Fidelity Variants of RNA Viruses and Characterization of Virus Mutation Frequency
18:10

Isolation of Fidelity Variants of RNA Viruses and Characterization of Virus Mutation Frequency

Published on: June 16, 2011

Virus replication as a phenotypic version of polynucleotide evolution.

Fernando Antoneli1, Francisco Bosco, Diogo Castro

  • 1Departamento de Informática em Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. fernando.antoneli@unifesp.br

Bulletin of Mathematical Biology
|February 16, 2013
PubMed
Summary

This study advances viral evolution models using branching process theory. It introduces a new extinction criterion and generalizes lethal mutagenesis, offering insights into viral population dynamics.

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Area of Science:

  • Mathematical Biology
  • Virology
  • Evolutionary Dynamics

Background:

  • Branching process theory has been applied to polynucleotide evolution.
  • Previous models did not fully account for beneficial effects in viral evolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To generalize branching process models for viral evolution, incorporating beneficial effects.
  • To rigorously analyze viral population dynamics, including extinction and mutagenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Adaptation of Demetrius et al.'s branching process theory.
  • Development of a multivariate generalization of the single-type branching process model.
  • Application of perturbative techniques to derive analytical asymptotic expressions.

Main Results:

  • A novel criterion for "no sure extinction" in viral populations.
  • Generalization and proof of the lethal mutagenesis criterion for this model class.
  • Introduction of a new concept of relaxation time with evaluation methods.
  • Quantitative description of viral evolution across four distinct stages.

Conclusions:

  • The generalized model provides a rigorous framework for understanding viral evolution.
  • Results offer new criteria for predicting viral extinction and the effects of mutagenesis.
  • The study elucidates the dynamic stages of viral population evolution.