Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features

Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...
COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features01:20

COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of lung conditions that progressively worsen over time, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This cluster of diseases collectively leads to a gradual and irreversible decline in lung function over time.
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations01:19

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, or COPD, is a long-term condition marked by persistent and only partially reversible airflow limitation. It involves two overlapping conditions—chronic bronchitis and emphysema—which often co-appear but differ in dominant symptoms and underlying mechanisms.Chronic Bronchitis FeaturesChronic bronchitis presents with a persistent productive cough and thick, sometimes purulent mucus due to airway inflammation, enlarged mucus glands, and goblet cell...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies01:27

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies

Assessing and diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) involves a detailed approach that includes a comprehensive review of medical history, physical examination, and a variety of diagnostic tests. This thorough evaluation is essential to ensure an accurate diagnosis and guide effective management strategies.
Medical History
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I: Introduction01:23

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I: Introduction

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a common, preventable, and treatable respiratory disorder characterized by persistent symptoms and progressive airflow limitation. This limitation results from a combination of small-airway disease (obstructive bronchiolitis) and parenchymal destruction (emphysema), both driven by chronic inflammation from exposure to harmful particles or gases.The disease includes two main pathological entities: emphysema, marked by destruction of alveolar walls and...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The impact of vitamins A and D on lung function and regulatory epigenetics in adult and childhood asthma.

Thorax·2026
Same author

Epigenetic gestational age acceleration in cord blood is associated with activated inflammatory gene pathways and childhood asthma.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology·2026
Same author

Rationale and Design of RECOVER-ENERGIZE: A Platform Clinical Trial of Interventions for Exercise Intolerance With and Without Post-exertional Malaise in Long COVID.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026
Same author

Exploring associations between maternal vitamin D-binding protein, vitamin D, and offspring asthma/recurrent wheeze.

The American journal of clinical nutrition·2026
Same author

Gene regulatory network analysis identifies dysregulation of hypoxia pathways as contributing to glioblastoma treatment resistance in females.

Biology of sex differences·2026
Same author

Mosaic loss of Y chromosome associates with lung function, emphysema, and epigenetic aging.

American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine·2026
Same journal

Global, Regional, and National Burden of COPD Attributable to Secondhand Smoke from 1990 to 2021: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

COPD·2026
Same journal

Upregulation of LncRNA MIR31HG in COPD Correlates with Disease Severity and Facilitates Inflammation via miR-342-3p.

COPD·2026
Same journal

Methodological Considerations in the Development of the AECOPD "Infection Score".

COPD·2026
Same journal

Barriers and Facilitators to Treatment Plan Adoption and Self-Management in People with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): A Systematic Search and Narrative Synthesis.

COPD·2026
Same journal

Airway Mucus Occlusions in Ex-Smokers with and Without COPD.

COPD·2026
Same journal

Symptom Improvement with BDP/FF/G Fixed Triple Inhalation Powder in Moderate to Severe COPD Patients Uncontrolled with Dual Therapies: A Non-Interventional, Open-Label, Single-Arm, Prospective Study (RESPONSE Slovenia).

COPD·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

Multi-modal Pulmonary Imaging: Using Complementary Information from CT and Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI to Evaluate Lung Structure-Function
02:09

Multi-modal Pulmonary Imaging: Using Complementary Information from CT and Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI to Evaluate Lung Structure-Function

Published on: April 12, 2024

Racial differences in CT phenotypes in COPD.

Nadia N Hansel1, George R Washko, Marilyn G Foreman

  • 1Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. nhansel1@jhmi.edu

COPD
|February 19, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

African Americans (AA) with COPD have less emphysema than non-Hispanic Whites (NHW) but similar airway disease. Factors beyond current imaging may explain functional status differences in AA with COPD.

More Related Videos

Generation of a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Model in Mice by Repeated Ozone Exposure
08:17

Generation of a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Model in Mice by Repeated Ozone Exposure

Published on: August 25, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 14, 2026

Multi-modal Pulmonary Imaging: Using Complementary Information from CT and Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI to Evaluate Lung Structure-Function
02:09

Multi-modal Pulmonary Imaging: Using Complementary Information from CT and Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI to Evaluate Lung Structure-Function

Published on: April 12, 2024

Generation of a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Model in Mice by Repeated Ozone Exposure
08:17

Generation of a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Model in Mice by Repeated Ozone Exposure

Published on: August 25, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Radiology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Controversy exists regarding African American (AA) susceptibility to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and racial differences in disease phenotype.
  • Investigating racial disparities in COPD presentation and progression is crucial for equitable healthcare.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine racial differences in emphysema extent and airway remodeling in COPD patients.
  • To compare quantitative CT scan parameters between African Americans (AA) and non-Hispanic Whites (NHW) with COPD.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized quantitative CT (QCT) parameters from 2,500 subjects in the COPDGene study.
  • Assessed emphysema, air trapping, and airway wall thickness, adjusting for covariates like age, BMI, and smoking history.

Main Results:

  • African Americans (AA) exhibited significantly lower mean emphysema percentage (13.1% vs. 16.1%) compared to non-Hispanic Whites (NHW).
  • No significant racial differences were found in air trapping or airway wall thickness after covariate adjustment.
  • CT-derived parameters were more predictive of poor functional status in NHW than in AA.

Conclusions:

  • AA with COPD demonstrate less emphysema but comparable airway disease to NHW.
  • Current QCT techniques may not fully capture factors contributing to poorer functional status observed in AA with COPD.