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An In vitro System to Gauge the Thrombolytic Efficacy of Histotripsy and a Lytic Drug

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Non-invasive embolus trap using histotripsy-an acoustic parameter study.

Simone Park¹, Adam D Maxwell, Gabe E Owens

¹Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.

Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology

|February 19, 2013

Summary

A novel non-invasive embolus trap (NET) uses histotripsy bubbles to capture and break down blood clots. Optimized acoustic parameters enable effective particle trapping in blood vessels, preventing embolization.

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Acoustic Physics
Cardiovascular Research

Background:

Embolization poses a significant risk in various medical conditions.
Current embolic treatments can be invasive and carry risks.
Histotripsy bubble clouds demonstrate particle manipulation capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the efficacy of a non-invasive embolus trap (NET) for preventing embolization.
To determine the influence of acoustic parameters on NET performance.
To optimize NET parameters for effective particle trapping and fragmentation.

Main Methods:

Utilized a focused 1.063 MHz transducer to generate histotripsy bubble clouds.
Employed a vessel phantom (6 mm diameter) to simulate blood flow.
Varied acoustic parameters including peak negative pressure (P-), pulse length, and pulse repetition frequency (PRF).
Quantified maximum trapping velocity for 3-4 mm particles.

Main Results:

Maximum trapping velocity increased linearly with peak negative pressure (P-).
Trapping velocity showed a square root dependence on pulse length and PRF.
A 3 mm clot-mimicking particle was trapped at 9.7 cm/s with optimized parameters (19.9 MPa P-, 1000 Hz PRF, 10 cycle pulse length).
NET treatment fragmented clots into particles <75 μm.

Conclusions:

Acoustic parameter selection is crucial for NET efficacy.
NET demonstrates potential as a non-invasive method for embolus capture and fragmentation.
Optimized NET parameters can effectively trap embolic material under significant flow conditions.