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Systemic dry cow therapy--a preliminary report.

S Soback1, G Ziv, M Winkler

  • 1Ministry of Agriculture, Kimron Veterinary Institute, Beit Dagan, Israel.

Journal of Dairy Science
|March 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
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Systemic norfloxacin nicotinate effectively reduced Staphylococcus aureus intramammary infections in dry cows. This treatment, unlike others, prevented new infections and maintained quarter health, showing superior efficacy.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Bacteriology
  • Animal Health

Background:

  • Staphylococcus aureus intramammary infection (IMI) is a significant concern in dairy cattle.
  • Effective dry cow management is crucial for preventing and eliminating IMI.
  • Limited data exists on the comparative efficacy of systemic versus intramammary treatments during the dry period.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of norfloxacin nicotinate, oxytetracycline-HCl, and cephapirin benzathine for Staphylococcus aureus IMI elimination and prevention in dry cows.
  • To compare systemic and intramammary treatment regimens.
  • To assess the impact of treatments on the percentage of infected quarters throughout the dry period.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 106 dry cow periods.

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  • Four treatment groups: subcutaneous norfloxacin nicotinate, intramuscular oxytetracycline-HCl, intramammary cephapirin benzathine, and an untreated control group.
  • Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) testing of isolates against the drugs.

    • Main Results:

    • Norfloxacin nicotinate significantly reduced existing Staphylococcus aureus IMI.
    • New infection rates were lower in systemic treatment groups (norfloxacin and oxytetracycline).
    • The percentage of infected quarters remained stable with norfloxacin, unlike other groups where it increased.

    Conclusions:

    • Systemic dry cow therapy with norfloxacin nicotinate demonstrated superior efficacy in eliminating and preventing Staphylococcus aureus IMI.
    • Norfloxacin nicotinate's pharmacokinetic properties (distribution volume, half-life) and high activity against S. aureus contribute to its effectiveness.
    • Systemic treatment may be more advantageous than intramammary infusion for controlling S. aureus IMI during the dry period.