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Related Concept Videos

Parkinson Disease l: Introduction01:24

Parkinson Disease l: Introduction

Parkinson’s disease is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects movement. It is characterized by motor symptoms such as resting tremors, muscle rigidity, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), and postural instability. Patients may notice hand tremors at rest, stiffness during movement, or a shuffling gait. In addition to motor features, non-motor symptoms include sleep disturbances, mood and behavioral changes, constipation, and cognitive impairment, all of which...
Parkinson's Disease: Overview01:15

Parkinson's Disease: Overview

Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is to...
Alterations in Muscle Tone lll01:11

Alterations in Muscle Tone lll

Rigidity and myotonia are distinct abnormalities of muscle tone that affect resistance and relaxation during movement. Although both involve altered muscle contraction, they arise from different neurological and muscular mechanisms.CharacteristicsRigidity is characterized by uniform resistance to passive movement across the entire range, independent of speed, affecting flexors and extensors equally. It may appear as lead-pipe rigidity (smooth, constant resistance) or cogwheel rigidity...
Parkinson's Disease: Treatment01:24

Parkinson's Disease: Treatment

Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's Disease (PD), involve the gradual and irreversible destruction of neurons in particular brain areas. These disorders exhibit standard features like proteinopathies, selective vulnerability of some neurons, and an interaction of intrinsic properties, genetics, and environmental influences in neural injury.
Parkinson's Disease is primarily a result of the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The cornerstone of its...
Parkinson Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:24

Parkinson Disease ll: Pathophysiology

Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder primarily affecting movement, with additional non-motor features. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, and cellular dysfunction, including dopaminergic neuron loss, protein aggregation, and mitochondrial impairment.Selective NeurodegenerationA key feature is the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to reduced...
Alterations in Muscle Tone ll01:12

Alterations in Muscle Tone ll

Alterations in muscle tone are common manifestations of neurological disorders and reflect dysfunction within different nervous system regions. Spasticity, paratonia, and dystonia represent distinct forms of hypertonia, each with unique mechanisms, clinical features, and diagnostic importance.CharacteristicsSpasticity happens from upper motor neuron lesions and is characterized by velocity-dependent resistance to passive movement. Clinical features include:Exaggerated deep tendon reflexesClonus...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

Rating L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesias in the Unilaterally 6-OHDA-Lesioned Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease
06:45

Rating L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesias in the Unilaterally 6-OHDA-Lesioned Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease

Published on: October 4, 2021

Musculoskeletal problems in Parkinson's disease.

Young Eun Kim1, Beom S Jeon

  • 1Department of Neurology, Movement Disorder Center, Seoul National University Hospital, 28 Yongon-dong, Chongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, Korea.

Journal of Neural Transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996)
|February 20, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Musculoskeletal issues significantly impact Parkinson's disease patients' quality of life but are often overlooked. This review covers common conditions and treatment options for these prevalent problems.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 14, 2026

Rating L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesias in the Unilaterally 6-OHDA-Lesioned Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease
06:45

Rating L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesias in the Unilaterally 6-OHDA-Lesioned Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease

Published on: October 4, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Orthopedics
  • Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

  • Musculoskeletal problems are prevalent in Parkinson's disease (PD).
  • These issues significantly reduce patients' quality of life.
  • They are frequently under-diagnosed and undertreated in clinical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the prevalence of musculoskeletal conditions in Parkinson's disease.
  • To describe the clinical characteristics of common musculoskeletal problems in PD.
  • To discuss various treatment modalities for these conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of musculoskeletal problems in Parkinson's disease.
  • Analysis of clinical characteristics of shoulder problems, low back pain, arthritis, deformity, osteoporosis, and fracture.
  • Synthesis of current treatment strategies.

Main Results:

  • Musculoskeletal issues are common in Parkinson's disease patients.
  • Specific conditions include shoulder problems, low back pain, arthritis, deformity, osteoporosis, and fractures.
  • A range of treatment options exist for these conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Addressing musculoskeletal problems is crucial for improving the quality of life in Parkinson's disease.
  • Comprehensive evaluation and management are needed.
  • Further research into optimal treatments is warranted.