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Lymphocytic-plasmacytic enteritis in 24 dogs.

G Jacobs1, L Collins-Kelly, M Lappin

  • 1Department of Small Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens 30602.

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
|March 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Lymphocytic-plasmacytic enteritis (LPE) in dogs often causes chronic diarrhea, vomiting, and weight loss. Diagnosis involves intestinal biopsy, revealing inflammation and malabsorption, frequently linked to protein loss.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Gastroenterology
  • Canine Pathology

Background:

  • Lymphocytic-plasmacytic enteritis (LPE) is a significant cause of chronic gastrointestinal disease in dogs.
  • Understanding its clinical, hematological, and pathological features is crucial for diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the clinical, hematological, biochemical, and pathological findings in dogs diagnosed with lymphocytic-plasmacytic enteritis.
  • To identify potential contributing factors and associated conditions in canine LPE.

Main Methods:

  • Intestinal biopsies were analyzed from 24 dogs with chronic small intestinal diarrhea.
  • Clinical signs, hematological parameters, biochemical profiles, and histopathological changes were evaluated.
  • Associated diseases like parasitic infections or pancreatic insufficiency were investigated.

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Main Results:

  • Common clinical signs included chronic diarrhea, vomiting, weight loss, and reduced appetite.
  • Hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia, and hypoglobulinemia indicated protein-losing enteropathy.
  • Hematological abnormalities included neutrophilia, monocytosis, lymphopenia, and eosinopenia.
  • Histopathology revealed lymphocytic-plasmacytic infiltration, villous changes, and lacteal dilation, with variable severity across intestinal regions.

Conclusions:

  • Lymphocytic-plasmacytic enteritis in dogs is characterized by significant inflammation, protein loss, and malabsorption.
  • While breed predisposition wasn't established, German Shepherds were noted.
  • Other intestinal diseases were uncommon in the diagnosed cases, suggesting LPE as the primary pathology.