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Hemoperfusion and hemofiltration are critical techniques in medical treatments to eliminate accumulated drugs, metabolites, and electrolytes from the bloodstream. These methods are particularly vital in cases of accidental poisoning and drug overdose.Hemoperfusion involves passing blood through an adsorbent material to remove unwanted substances. The main adsorbents used in hemoperfusion include activated charcoal and Amberlite resins. Activated charcoal can adsorb both polar and nonpolar...
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The selective therapeutic apheresis procedures.

Amber P Sanchez1, Robyn Cunard, David M Ward

  • 1Therapeutic Apheresis Program, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of California San Diego Medical Center, San Diego, CA, USA. dmward@ucsd.edu

Journal of Clinical Apheresis
|February 20, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Selective apheresis selectively removes targeted molecules, preserving essential plasma components. These advanced therapeutic apheresis methods offer advantages over conventional treatments but are less common in the USA.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Science
  • Biotechnology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Selective apheresis procedures target specific molecules, antibodies, or cells in various diseases.
  • Conventional therapeutic plasmapheresis lacks specificity and removes essential plasma components.
  • These advanced apheresis techniques are more prevalent in Europe and Japan than in the USA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review selective apheresis procedures and their technological variations.
  • To highlight the advantages of selective apheresis over conventional methods.
  • To discuss the availability and application of different apheresis technologies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of various selective apheresis technologies.
  • Discussion of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis methods.
  • Examination of double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP), cryofiltration, and immunoadsorption.
  • Analysis of adsorption resins, extracorporeal photopheresis, and leukocyte apheresis.

Main Results:

  • Selective apheresis preserves vital plasma components like albumin, immunoglobulins, and clotting factors.
  • Multiple technologies exist for selective apheresis, including LDL apheresis, DFPP, cryofiltration, and immunoadsorption.
  • These procedures offer targeted removal of pathological substances with minimal loss of beneficial ones.

Conclusions:

  • Selective apheresis represents a significant advancement in therapeutic plasma exchange.
  • The preservation of essential plasma components is a key advantage of these targeted procedures.
  • Increased adoption and availability of selective apheresis technologies are recommended for broader patient benefit.