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Related Concept Videos

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Essential Minerals for Bone Health01:31

Essential Minerals for Bone Health

The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

Differentiation of Functional Osteoclasts from Human Peripheral Blood CD14+ Monocytes
11:52

Differentiation of Functional Osteoclasts from Human Peripheral Blood CD14+ Monocytes

Published on: January 27, 2023

6,4'-Dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavanone inhibits osteoclast differentiation and function.

Nam-Kyung Im1, Je-Yong Choi, Hyuncheol Oh

  • 1Institute for New Drug Development, Keimyung University, Dae-gu 704–701, Republic of Korea.

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin
|February 20, 2013
PubMed
Summary

6,4'-Dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavanone (DMF) effectively inhibits osteoclast differentiation and function. This flavonoid shows promise as a therapeutic agent for bone diseases like osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis.

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Last Updated: May 14, 2026

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07:03

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Published on: June 16, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Pharmacology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • 6,4'-Dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavanone (DMF) is a flavonoid from Dalbergia odorifera with known antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties.
  • The efficacy of DMF in treating bone-related diseases remains largely unexplored.
  • Osteoclasts play a critical role in bone resorption, and their dysregulation is implicated in various bone pathologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of DMF on osteoclast differentiation and function in vitro.
  • To elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms by which DMF influences osteoclastogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • An in vitro bone marrow macrophage osteoclast differentiation culture system was utilized.
  • The study assessed DMF's dose-dependent effects on osteoclast formation and activity.
  • Key signaling pathways, including mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and transcription factors (NFATc1, c-Fos), were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • DMF demonstrated a dose-dependent inhibition of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis.
  • DMF impaired osteoclast function by disrupting actin ring formation and suppressing pit-forming activity.
  • DMF inhibited RANKL-induced expression of NFATc1 and c-Fos, mediated through the suppression of the MAPK pathway.

Conclusions:

  • DMF effectively inhibits osteoclast differentiation and function.
  • The findings suggest DMF has potential as a therapeutic agent for osteoclast-related bone diseases such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and periodontal disease.