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Related Concept Videos

Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Potential Scenarios01:26

Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Potential Scenarios

Pharmaceutical poisoning can occur through various channels, impacting an estimated 2 million hospitalized patients in the U.S. annually with serious adverse drug responses. These scenarios encompass both therapeutic uses, such as drug toxicity, where even standard dosages can lead to severe central nervous system depression, and non-therapeutic exposures, including accidental ingestion by children, and environmental and occupational exposures.Unintentional poisonings often involve exploratory...
Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Treatment Strategies01:26

Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Treatment Strategies

Treatment strategies for poisoning are a critical aspect of emergency medicine, focusing on preventing the absorption of toxins and enhancing their elimination. When a poisoning incident occurs, the first response is to halt exposure and decontaminate the patient, particularly through gastrointestinal (GI) methods if the poison was ingested.Gastrointestinal Decontamination Techniques:Activated charcoal is the cornerstone of GI decontamination. It works through adsorption, binding the toxin to...
Dosage Interval and Administration Route: Determination Methods01:19

Dosage Interval and Administration Route: Determination Methods

A medication’s effectiveness largely depends on its appropriate dosage and the route of administration. Dosage ensures that a sufficient drug concentration is maintained in the bloodstream to elicit the desired therapeutic effect without causing toxicity. The route of administration affects the drug's bioavailability, rate of absorption, and onset of action, which are crucial for achieving optimal therapeutic outcomes. Drug dosage calculations are critical to tailoring therapy to individual...
Routes of Drug Administration: Overview01:22

Routes of Drug Administration: Overview

Drug administration involves delivering drugs to the body through various routes, such as enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral administration refers to drugs absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract. They can be swallowed (perorally), placed under the tongue (sublingually), or on the inner lining of the cheeks (buccally). Perorally administered drugs take time to be absorbed and have a slower onset of action. The rectal route is another form of enteral administration, which allows for...
Routes of Drug Administration: Parenteral01:25

Routes of Drug Administration: Parenteral

The administration of drugs via parenteral routes allows for direct drug introduction into the systemic circulation, resulting in high bioavailability because the medication bypasses the harsh conditions of the gastrointestinal tract and hepatic metabolism.
The intravenous route (IV) of drug administration can be further categorized into two types. The bolus injection administers the entire dose rapidly, while an intravenous infusion slowly delivers smaller doses steadily.
The IV route is often...
Additional Routes of Drug Administration01:18

Additional Routes of Drug Administration

Choosing the appropriate route of drug administration is significantly influenced by two key factors: the therapeutic objectives and the inherent properties of the drug being used.
Administering drugs via inhalation allows for the direct delivery of gaseous, volatile substances or droplets to different parts of the respiratory tract. One of the advantages of the inhalation route is the rapid absorption of drugs into the circulatory system, which is possible because of the large surface area of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

A Novel Approach for the Administration of Medications and Fluids in Emergency Scenarios and Settings
06:59

A Novel Approach for the Administration of Medications and Fluids in Emergency Scenarios and Settings

Published on: November 9, 2016

Medication wrong route administration: a poisons center-based study.

Alexandra Bloch-Teitelbaum1, Saskia Lüde, Christine Rauber-Lüthy

  • 1Associated Institute of the University of Zurich, Swiss Toxicological Information Centre, Zurich, Switzerland.

Expert Opinion on Drug Safety
|February 21, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Inadvertent medication administration via incorrect parenteral routes is rare, often involving contrast media or iron infusions. Most cases, primarily in adults, have mild outcomes, though intravenous errors can be severe.

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Last Updated: May 14, 2026

A Novel Approach for the Administration of Medications and Fluids in Emergency Scenarios and Settings
06:59

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Published on: November 9, 2016

Manual Restraint and Common Compound Administration Routes in Mice and Rats
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A Computerized Test Battery to Study Pharmacodynamic Effects on the Central Nervous System of Cholinergic Drugs in Early Phase Drug Development
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A Computerized Test Battery to Study Pharmacodynamic Effects on the Central Nervous System of Cholinergic Drugs in Early Phase Drug Development

Published on: February 11, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Clinical Pharmacy
  • Patient Safety

Background:

  • Medication administration errors can occur via incorrect parenteral routes.
  • Understanding the clinical impact of these errors is crucial for patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the clinical effects, circumstances, management, and outcomes of incorrect parenteral medication administration.
  • To identify common medications and routes involved in these errors.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of reported parenteral route errors from January 2006 to June 2010.
  • Data collection included patient demographics, medication details, administration route and time, symptom severity, treatment, and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • 78 cases analyzed (68 adults, 10 children).
  • Most common incorrect routes: paravenous (51%) and intravenous (33%).
  • Iodinated x-ray contrast media and iron infusions were most frequently involved; most patients had asymptomatic to mild symptoms, with no fatalities. Severe symptoms were mainly linked to intravenous administration errors.

Conclusions:

  • Incorrect parenteral medication administration is uncommon, predominantly affecting adults with generally benign outcomes.
  • While paravenous errors are most frequent, intravenous administration errors pose a higher risk for severe clinical events.