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Related Experiment Video

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Methodology for Biomimetic Chemical Neuromodulation of Rat Retinas with the Neurotransmitter Glutamate In Vitro
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Artificial vision with wirelessly powered subretinal electronic implant alpha-IMS.

Katarina Stingl1, Karl Ulrich Bartz-Schmidt, Dorothea Besch

  • 1Centre for Ophthalmology, University of Tübingen, Schleichstraße 12-16, Tübingen, Germany.

Proceedings. Biological Sciences
|February 22, 2013
PubMed
Summary

This study restored useful vision in blind patients using a subretinal implant. The microelectronic device enabled light perception, object recognition, and even reading in some participants, improving daily life.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Untreatable hereditary retinal degenerations cause blindness by destroying photoreceptors.
  • Restoring visual function requires artificial substitution of photoreceptor capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of a subretinal microelectronic neuroprosthetic device in restoring visual function for patients with hereditary retinal degenerations.
  • To assess the safety and usefulness of the implant in daily life activities.

Main Methods:

  • Subretinal implantation of a 9 mm(2) chip with 1500 microphotodiode-amplifier-electrode elements.
  • Transdermal inductive power transmission to the implanted device.
  • Assessment of visual functions including light perception, localization, motion detection, grating acuity, and object recognition over nine months.

Main Results:

  • Restoration of light perception in 8/9 patients and light localization in 7/9.
  • Improved motion detection (up to 35 deg s(-1)) and grating acuity (up to 3.3 cycles per degree).
  • Significant improvement in object identification, localization, and discrimination (p < 0.05); three subjects read letters spontaneously, and five reported useful visual perceptions in daily life.

Conclusions:

  • Subretinal implants can effectively restore visual functions lost due to hereditary retinal degenerations.
  • The implanted device provides useful vision for daily living, demonstrating potential for treating blindness.
  • Further development of neuroprosthetic devices holds promise for restoring sight in various forms of blindness.