Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
Essential Minerals for Bone Health01:31

Essential Minerals for Bone Health

The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...
Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification01:29

Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification

Intramembranous ossification is one of the two processes involved in the development of bones within an embryo. The flat bones of the face, most of the cranial bones, and the clavicles are formed via this process. During intramembranous ossification, the bones develop directly from sheets of undifferentiated mesenchymal connective tissue.
The process begins when mesenchymal cells in the embryonic skeleton gather together and differentiate into osteogenic cells, which then develop into...
Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age01:09

Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age

The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Clinical and ultrasound characteristics of deep endometriosis affecting sacral plexus.

Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology·2024
Same author

Visualization of sacral nerve roots and sacral plexus on gynecological transvaginal ultrasound: feasibility study.

Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology·2023
Same author

Obstruction of an EX-PRESS® glaucoma device after suture lysis: Treatment with Nd:YAG laser.

Journal francais d'ophtalmologie·2021
Same author

[Therapeutic advances in neonatology].

Revue medicale de Liege·2020
Same author

[How I explore… intrauterine growth restriction].

Revue medicale de Liege·2019
Same author

Review concludes that specific recommendations are needed to harmonise the provision of fresh mother's milk to their preterm infants.

Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)·2018
Same journal

Prelims.

World review of nutrition and dietetics·2026
Same journal

Preface.

World review of nutrition and dietetics·2026
Same journal

Stunting in Developing Countries.

World review of nutrition and dietetics·2026
Same journal

Nutrition and Growth in Preterm and Term Infants.

World review of nutrition and dietetics·2026
Same journal

Pregnancy: The Impact of Maternal Nutrition on Intrauterine Fetal Growth.

World review of nutrition and dietetics·2026
Same journal

Early Nutrition and Its Effect on Growth, Body Composition, and Later Obesity.

World review of nutrition and dietetics·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
07:56

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

Prematurity and bone health.

C Pieltain1, V de Halleux, Th Senterre

  • 1Department of Neonatology, University of Liege, CHU de Liège, CHR de la Citadelle, Liège, Belgium.

World Review of Nutrition and Dietetics
|February 23, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Optimizing nutrition is crucial for preterm infants, especially extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants, to improve bone development and prevent metabolic bone disease (MBD). Early mineral supply and monitoring aid in managing osteopenia of prematurity.

More Related Videos

A Rat Model of Mild Intrauterine Hypoperfusion with Microcoil Stenosis
06:19

A Rat Model of Mild Intrauterine Hypoperfusion with Microcoil Stenosis

Published on: January 7, 2018

Culturing and Measuring Fetal and Newborn Murine Long Bones
06:58

Culturing and Measuring Fetal and Newborn Murine Long Bones

Published on: April 26, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 14, 2026

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
07:56

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

A Rat Model of Mild Intrauterine Hypoperfusion with Microcoil Stenosis
06:19

A Rat Model of Mild Intrauterine Hypoperfusion with Microcoil Stenosis

Published on: January 7, 2018

Culturing and Measuring Fetal and Newborn Murine Long Bones
06:58

Culturing and Measuring Fetal and Newborn Murine Long Bones

Published on: April 26, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Pediatric Bone Metabolism
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Neonatal care advances increase survival for preterm and extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants.
  • Nutrition is critical for improving health outcomes and bone development in these vulnerable infants.
  • Osteopenia of prematurity is multifactorial, involving nutritional, biomechanical, and environmental factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the challenges and strategies in nutritional management for preterm infants.
  • To discuss the pathogenesis of osteopenia of prematurity and its impact on bone health.
  • To review methods for preventing and monitoring metabolic bone disease (MBD) in preterm infants.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on neonatal nutrition and bone metabolism.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to osteopenia of prematurity.
  • Discussion of diagnostic tools and preventative strategies for MBD.

Main Results:

  • Interruption of fetal mineral transfer at birth necessitates careful parenteral and enteral mineral provision.
  • Increased bone resorption in preterm infants elevates the risk of fragility and fractures.
  • Early, bioavailable mineral supply, vitamin D correction, and phosphorus monitoring are key for MBD prevention.

Conclusions:

  • Osteopenia of prematurity is influenced by interrupted mineral transfer and increased bone resorption.
  • Proactive nutritional strategies and monitoring can mitigate MBD risks.
  • While often self-resolving, long-term effects of osteopenia on peak bone mass require further investigation.