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Wedge-filtering of geomorphologic terrestrial laser scan data.

Helmut Panholzer1, Alexander Prokop

  • 1Department of Structural Engineering and Natural Hazards, Institute of Mountain Risk Engineering, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Peter Jordan-Str. 82, 1180 Vienna, Austria. hepan@gmx.at

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
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Summary

Wedge filtering preserves more terrain points in mountainous areas than other methods. While not a standalone solution, it enhances existing filtering processes for terrestrial laser scanning data.

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Area of Science:

  • Geomatics Engineering
  • Geospatial Analysis
  • Remote Sensing

Background:

  • Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) is crucial for surveying and hazard assessment, generating digital terrain models (DTMs) for surface process analysis.
  • Accurate DTMs require filtering non-terrain points (e.g., vegetation, vehicles) from TLS data, which is challenging in mountainous terrain.
  • Existing automatic filtering methods, often designed for airborne data, are inadequate for terrestrial laser scanning in complex topography.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and evaluate a novel filtering method specifically designed for terrestrial laser scanning data in mountainous terrain.
  • To compare the performance of the proposed wedge filtering method against a modified inverse distance weighting method (IDWMO).
  • To assess the ability of filtering methods to preserve terrain surface points while minimizing errors.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a wedge filtering method based on the direct line of sight between the scanner and measured points.
  • Assumed no other surface point exists above the line-of-sight connection, a principle valid for terrestrial but not airborne data.
  • Compared wedge filtering results with IDWMO using manually filtered surfaces as a ground truth reference.

Main Results:

  • Both wedge filtering and IDWMO showed similar mean and root-mean-square errors (RMSE) when compared to manually filtered data.
  • The wedge filtering approach significantly preserved a higher number of actual terrain surface points.
  • Error metrics were comparable, but point preservation was superior with the wedge-filtering technique.

Conclusions:

  • Wedge filtering demonstrates potential for improving the accuracy and completeness of DTMs derived from terrestrial laser scanning.
  • The method is effective in preserving terrain surface points, particularly in challenging mountainous environments.
  • While not a standalone solution, wedge filtering should be considered for integration into existing filtering workflows for terrestrial laser scanning data.