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Noninvasive Sampling of Mucosal Lining Fluid for the Quantification of In Vivo Upper Airway Immune-mediator Levels
05:31

Noninvasive Sampling of Mucosal Lining Fluid for the Quantification of In Vivo Upper Airway Immune-mediator Levels

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Biological conditions affecting chronic inflammation in upper airways in children

N Bernheim1, A Doyen, P Eloy

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, HUDERF, Brussels, Belgium.

B-ENT
|February 26, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Children with chronic upper airway inflammation may have underlying conditions like allergy, cystic fibrosis, or immune deficiency. Early screening for these issues is crucial for proper immune system development and management.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Immunology
  • Otolaryngology
  • Allergy and Immunology

Background:

  • Children's immune systems are less efficient at memory responses and cytokine induction.
  • Background inflammation in the upper airways, caused by conditions like allergy or cystic fibrosis, increases susceptibility to infections.
  • Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and immune deficiencies also contribute to chronic upper airway inflammation in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review how allergy, cystic fibrosis, immune deficiency, anatomical variants, and GER affect pediatric upper airway immunity.
  • To understand the impact of these conditions on immune development and maturation in children.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review.

Main Results:

  • Chronic upper airway inflammation is multifactorial, influenced by genetic, physiological, immunological, and environmental factors.
  • Conditions such as allergy, cystic fibrosis, and immune deficiency significantly impact inflammatory responses.
  • Nasal/paranasal anatomical variants and GER play a direct role in upper airway inflammation.

Conclusions:

  • Systematic screening for allergy, cystic fibrosis, immune deficiency, anatomical variants, and GER is recommended.
  • Early identification and management are essential for children with chronic upper airway inflammation.
Abstract

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