Traveler's diarrhea: methods of prevention and treatment

Traveler's diarrhea can often be avoided by following safe food and water practices while traveling in developing countries. Prophylactic agents are generally not indicated in the prevention of traveler's diarrhea. Should traveler's diarrhea develop, fluid replacement is the principal therapeutic modality. Other useful treatments include bismuth subsalicylate or anti-motility agents such as loperamide or diphenoxylate. Early empiric use of antimicrobial agents including trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or quinolone agents offers an excellent means of treating traveler's diarrhea and preventing its potential complications. Travelers who develop dysentery, high fever, or prolonged diarrhea lasting more than 10-14 days should seek medical attention for specific diagnosis and appropriate antimicrobial therapy.