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Related Concept Videos

G-protein Coupled Receptors01:21

G-protein Coupled Receptors

G-protein coupled receptors are ligand binding receptors that indirectly affect changes in the cell. The actual receptor is a single polypeptide that transverses the cell membrane seven times creating intracellular and extracellular loops. The extracellular loops create a ligand specific pocket which binds to neurotransmitters or hormones. The intracellular loops holds onto the G-protein.
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Atypical antidepressants, including bupropion (Wellbutrin), mirtazapine (Remeron), nefazodone (Serzone), trazodone (Desyrel), and vilazodone (Viibryd), offer unique mechanisms of action. Bupropion weakly inhibits dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake, aiding depression treatment and smoking cessation, with a low risk of sexual dysfunction. Mirtazapine enhances serotonin and norepinephrine neurotransmission, leading to sedation, increased appetite, and weight gain. As a result, it helps treat...
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Bipolar Disorder01:30

Bipolar Disorder

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Developing a Rat Model for Bipolar Disorder
04:42

Developing a Rat Model for Bipolar Disorder

Published on: May 2, 2025

Reduced post-synaptic serotonin type 1A receptor binding in bipolar depression.

Allison C Nugent1, Earle E Bain, Paul J Carlson

  • 1National Institute of Mental Health, Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, NIMH, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892-1030, USA. nugenta@mail.nih.gov

European Neuropsychopharmacology : the Journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology
|February 26, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Bipolar disorder (BD) is linked to reduced serotonin 1A (5-HT(1A)) receptor binding, especially in females, potentially due to cortisol. This suggests a key role for the postsynaptic 5-HT(1A) system in BD pathophysiology.

Keywords:
((18)F)FCWAY5-HT1A receptorBipolar disorderPositron-emission tomography

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 13, 2026

Developing a Rat Model for Bipolar Disorder
04:42

Developing a Rat Model for Bipolar Disorder

Published on: May 2, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Radiochemistry

Background:

  • Serotonin type 1A (5-HT(1A)) receptor dysfunction is implicated in mood disorders.
  • Evidence suggests 5-HT(1A) receptor alterations are involved in antidepressant mechanisms.
  • The role of 5-HT(1A) receptor binding abnormalities in bipolar disorder (BD) remains debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate 5-HT(1A) receptor binding potential in unmedicated subjects with bipolar disorder (BD) compared to healthy controls.
  • To explore potential differences in 5-HT(1A) receptor binding related to sex and cortisol levels in BD.

Main Methods:

  • Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging was used to measure 5-HT(1A) receptor binding.
  • The highly selective radioligand [¹⁸F]FCWAY was administered to 26 unmedicated BD subjects and 37 healthy controls.
  • Analysis focused on 5-HT(1A) receptor binding potential (BP(P)) in cortical and raphe regions.

Main Results:

  • Significantly lower mean 5-HT(1A) receptor BP(P) was observed in BD subjects compared to controls, particularly in the mesiotemporal cortex.
  • This reduction in BP(P) was more pronounced in females with BD.
  • BP(P) in the mesiotemporal cortex inversely correlated with trough plasma cortisol levels, suggesting a link with glucocorticoid activity.

Conclusions:

  • Findings suggest reduced 5-HT(1A) receptor binding in bipolar disorder, particularly affecting the postsynaptic system.
  • The observed abnormalities may be linked to cortisol hypersecretion tendencies in individuals with BD.
  • These results highlight the potential involvement of the 5-HT(1A) receptor system in the pathophysiology and treatment of mood disorders.