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Pineal calcification is associated with symptomatic cerebral infarction.

Amnat Kitkhuandee¹, Kittisak Sawanyawisuth², Nutjaree Pratheepawanit Johns³

¹Department of Surgery, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.

Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases : the Official Journal of National Stroke Association

|February 26, 2013

Summary

Pineal calcification, a common finding in brain CT scans, is associated with an increased risk of cerebral infarction (stroke). This study suggests it may be a new, independent risk factor for stroke.

Keywords:

Cerebral infarction melatonin pineal calcification predictors risk factor

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Area of Science:

Neurology
Radiology
Public Health

Background:

Pineal calcification and low melatonin are potential stroke risk factors, but human clinical data are limited.
Limited clinical evidence exists for pineal calcification as a stroke risk factor in humans.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between pineal calcification and cerebral infarction in adult patients.
To determine if pineal calcification is an independent risk factor for stroke.

Main Methods:

Retrospective review of 1614 adult brain CT scans from 2011.
Analysis of patient medical records for stroke risk factors (diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, age, sex).
Logistic regression analysis to assess the association between pineal calcification and cerebral infarction.

Main Results:

Symptomatic cerebral infarction was identified in 38.4% of patients.
Pineal calcification was present in 67.0% of patients.
Pineal calcification was significantly associated with cerebral infarction (adjusted odds ratio 1.35).

Conclusions:

Pineal calcification may represent a novel, independent risk factor for cerebral infarction.
Further research is warranted to understand the mechanism linking pineal calcification to stroke.