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Related Concept Videos

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of fluid...
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Isolated primary renal echinococcosis: a rare entity.

Savitha Anil Kumar1, Archana Shetty, Chowdappa Vijaya

  • 1Department of Pathology, Sapthagiri Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. savitha@kruthika.com

International Urology and Nephrology
|February 26, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Primary renal echinococcosis is a rare kidney disease. This case highlights the diagnosis and management of a hydatid cyst in the kidney, emphasizing surgical intervention.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Parasitology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Primary renal echinococcosis is an uncommon parasitic infection of the kidney, representing 2-3% of renal parasitic diseases.
  • Hydatid disease, caused by Echinococcus tapeworms, typically affects the liver and lungs, with renal involvement being rare.

Observation:

  • A 37-year-old female presented with right iliac fossa pain.
  • Imaging studies, including ultrasound and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT), revealed a hydatid cyst in the kidney, causing mild to moderate hydronephrosis and proximal hydroureterosis.
  • There was a suspicion of cyst rupture into the pelvicalyceal system.

Findings:

  • The diagnosis of renal echinococcosis was confirmed by histopathological examination of the nephrectomy specimen.
  • Surgical intervention was necessary due to the non-functioning nature of the affected kidney.

Implications:

  • Renal echinococcosis requires accurate radiological diagnosis and appropriate management.
  • While renal-sparing surgery is preferred in 75% of cases, nephrectomy remains an option for non-functioning kidneys.
  • This case underscores the importance of considering parasitic infections in the differential diagnosis of renal masses and hydronephrosis.