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Related Concept Videos

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:25

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Acute pancreatitis is the sudden inflammation of the pancreas caused by the early activation of digestive enzymes, leading to the autodigestion of pancreatic tissue. This results in local inflammation and, in severe cases, systemic complications.EtiologyUnderstanding the underlying causes is crucial, as identifying the etiology guides treatment and anticipates complications. Acute pancreatitis can be triggered by various factors, typically grouped into the following clinical categories.Biliary...
Acute Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology01:21

Acute Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis centers on injury to pancreatic acinar cells, which initiates a cascade of harmful intracellular events.This injury leads to premature activation of trypsinogen to trypsin in the pancreas. Trypsin then activates other digestive enzymes, such as chymotrypsin, elastase, and phospholipase A2, which begin breaking down pancreatic tissue. The resulting autodigestion causes local inflammation, tissue swelling, hemorrhage, and fat necrosis.Injured acinar cells...
Chronic Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology01:21

Chronic Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology

Chronic pancreatitis is a progressive and irreversible inflammation of the pancreas, most often caused by long-term alcohol abuse, but it can also be related to ductal obstruction, smoking, or genetic factors.Chronic pancreatitis occurs when the pancreas is repeatedly exposed to harmful agents like alcohol, smoking, ductal obstruction, or genetic predisposition. These factors lead to the release of toxic metabolites and inflammatory cytokines, sustaining chronic inflammation in the pancreatic...
Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Chronic pancreatitis is a long-standing, relapsing inflammation of the pancreas, characterized by irreversible damage to the gland. It results in progressive destruction of the pancreatic parenchyma, fibrosis, and eventual loss of both exocrine and endocrine function. The disease may evolve gradually after multiple episodes of acute pancreatitis or develop independently.EtiologyChronic pancreatitis can arise from a variety of causes:Alcohol use is the leading cause, accounting for 70–80% of...
Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:24

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:30

Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

Acute pancreatitis presents a complex medical emergency characterized by rapid onset inflammation of the pancreas, demanding timely diagnosis and management to prevent complications. The condition primarily manifests through severe upper abdominal pain that often radiates to the back. This pain intensifies following the consumption of fatty foods. Accompanying symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, fever, dyspnea, cyanosis, and jaundice can vary in intensity but significantly...

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Establishment of Zebrafish Patient-Derived Xenografts from Pancreatic Cancer for Chemosensitivity Testing
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Vemurafenib-associated pancreatitis: case report.

Benyam Muluneh1, Larry W Buie, Frances Collichio

  • 1Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of North Carolina Health Care, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. bmuluneh@unch.unc.edu

Pharmacotherapy
|February 26, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Vemurafenib, a BRAF kinase inhibitor for melanoma, can cause pancreatitis. A patient developed severe pancreatitis after starting vemurafenib, confirmed by rechallenge, indicating a causal link.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Vemurafenib is a targeted therapy for metastatic melanoma with the BRAF V600E mutation.
  • Pancreatitis is a potential adverse effect of various medications.

Observation:

  • A patient receiving vemurafenib for metastatic melanoma developed severe epigastric pain and elevated lipase levels.
  • Symptoms of pancreatitis emerged two weeks after initiating vemurafenib therapy.

Findings:

  • Drug-induced pancreatitis was diagnosed after excluding other causes.
  • Rechallenging the patient with vemurafenib at a reduced dose led to exacerbated pancreatitis symptoms, confirming causality.

Implications:

  • This case highlights pancreatitis as a potential adverse event associated with vemurafenib.
  • Clinicians should monitor for pancreatitis in patients treated with vemurafenib.
  • Further investigation into the mechanism of vemurafenib-induced pancreatitis may be warranted.