Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 13, 2026

An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice
Published on: June 6, 2025
A threshold hazard model for estimating serious infection risk following anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy in
Bo Fu1, Mark Lunt, James Galloway
1Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit , University of Manchester , Manchester , United Kingdom. bo.fu@manchester.ac.uk
Abstract:
Over recent years novel biologic agents have been developed for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The most common type of biologic agent in use in the United Kingdom is the anti-tumor necrosis factor inhibitor class. To fully appreciate the potential risks of anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy in patients, knowledge about the baseline hazard (risk pattern) and the characteristics of patients associated with serious infection is important. We propose a nonproportional hazard model for estimating the infection risk, by including the drug exposure history information into the baseline hazard. We found that the infection risk reaches a peak within 1 month after drug exposure starts and then declines steadily for nearly 2 years before stabilizing out.
Related Concept Videos
Hazard Ratio
For example, in a clinical trial evaluating a...
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF
Relative Risk
Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast, controlled...
Hazard Rate
Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management