Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Radical Autoxidation01:20

Radical Autoxidation

The oxidation of an organic compound in the presence of air or oxygen is called autoxidation. For example, cumene reacts with oxygen to form hydroperoxide. Autoxidation involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. Many organic compounds are susceptible to autoxidation—especially ethers in the presence of oxygen, which form hydroperoxides. Even though this reaction is slow, old ether bottles contain small amounts of peroxide, which leads to laboratory explosions during ether...
Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways01:22

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category, whereas...
Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones01:17

Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones

In the presence of oxidizing agents, phenols are oxidized to quinones. Quinones can be easily reduced back to phenols using mild reducing agents. The electron-donating hydroxyl group enhances the reactivity of the aromatic ring, enabling oxidation of the ring even in the absence of an α hydrogen.
o-hydroxy phenols are oxidized to o-quinones and p-hydroxy phenols to p-quinones. Such redox reactions involve the transfer of two electrons and two protons. The reversible redox property is crucial in...
Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II01:46

Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II

The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is the main energy generation system in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria also produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the large electron flow during oxidative phosphorylation. While Complex I is one of the primary sources of superoxide radicals, ROS production by Complex II is uncommon and may only be observed in cancer cells with mutated complexes.
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Bioactivation and Tissue Toxicity01:25

Bioactivation and Tissue Toxicity

Bioactivation is a metabolic process that transforms less reactive substances into highly reactive metabolites, initiating tissue toxicity. This transformation can lead to various toxic effects, including carcinogenesis and teratogenesis. Reactive metabolites are classified into two main types: electrophiles and free radicals.Electrophiles are electron-deficient species and are produced primarily by the enzyme cytochrome P-450 during the metabolism of compounds containing carbon, nitrogen, or...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Dominant cross-frequency analysis-based early diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder in pediatrics using FRHIS and DSTCNN.

Psychiatry research. Neuroimaging·2026
Same author

Impact of butanol and hexanol on RCCI engine efficiency and emission characteristics using sapota oil methyl ester and response surface methodology.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

Robust Brain Tumor Detection and Classification From Multichannel MRI Using Deep Learning.

Developmental neurobiology·2025
Same author

Evaluation of Inflammatory Markers and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Acute Pancreatitis: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences·2025
Same author

Predictors of outcomes of conservative management in chronic coccydynia - Results from a prospective clinicoradiological observational study.

Journal of orthopaedics·2025
Same author

Multi scale multi attention network for blood vessel segmentation in fundus images.

Scientific reports·2025
Same journal

Correction.

Free radical research·2026
Same journal

Midpoint potential of the phenoxyl radical/phenol redox couple of phytocannabinoids as a diagnostic tool for analyzing their prooxidant action in the cell.

Free radical research·2026
Same journal

Photoprotective effects of <i>Caulerpa lentillifera</i> extract against UV-induced cellular damage via Nrf2 activation and MMP inhibition.

Free radical research·2026
Same journal

Procontractile influence of ROS, produced by NADPH oxidase, is greater during contraction induced by thromboxane A<sub>2</sub> than α<sub>1</sub>-adrenoceptor activation.

Free radical research·2026
Same journal

Edaravone attenuates acrylamide-induced nephrotoxicity by modulating the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway in rats.

Free radical research·2026
Same journal

Acidic plasma-activated povidone-iodine induces copper-dependent oxidative death in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells.

Free radical research·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Assessment of Oxidative Damage in the Primary Mouse Ocular Surface Cells/Stem Cells in Response to Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) Damage
12:59

Assessment of Oxidative Damage in the Primary Mouse Ocular Surface Cells/Stem Cells in Response to Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) Damage

Published on: February 15, 2020

Antioxidants and cataract.

R Thiagarajan1, R Manikandan

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India. raman@biotech.sastra.edu

Free Radical Research
|February 27, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Free radicals cause cataracts, but antioxidants can help. This review explores natural compounds like curcumin, vitamin C, and vitamin E for cataract prevention, highlighting curcumin

More Related Videos

Characterization of Molecular Mechanisms of In vivo UVR Induced Cataract
13:56

Characterization of Molecular Mechanisms of In vivo UVR Induced Cataract

Published on: November 28, 2012

Optimizing Mouse Primary Lens Epithelial Cell Culture: A Comprehensive Guide to Trypsinization
03:47

Optimizing Mouse Primary Lens Epithelial Cell Culture: A Comprehensive Guide to Trypsinization

Published on: June 21, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 13, 2026

Assessment of Oxidative Damage in the Primary Mouse Ocular Surface Cells/Stem Cells in Response to Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) Damage
12:59

Assessment of Oxidative Damage in the Primary Mouse Ocular Surface Cells/Stem Cells in Response to Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) Damage

Published on: February 15, 2020

Characterization of Molecular Mechanisms of In vivo UVR Induced Cataract
13:56

Characterization of Molecular Mechanisms of In vivo UVR Induced Cataract

Published on: November 28, 2012

Optimizing Mouse Primary Lens Epithelial Cell Culture: A Comprehensive Guide to Trypsinization
03:47

Optimizing Mouse Primary Lens Epithelial Cell Culture: A Comprehensive Guide to Trypsinization

Published on: June 21, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology and Pharmacology
  • Natural Product Chemistry

Background:

  • Cataract formation is primarily caused by free radicals, which are normally neutralized by endogenous antioxidants in the eye.
  • Xenobiotic studies confirm free radicals' role in cataractogenesis.
  • Established cataract models (selenite and diabetic) aid in studying free radical-induced pathophysiology and antioxidant roles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review natural compounds with antioxidant properties for large-scale, inexpensive cataract intervention.
  • To discuss plants and specific compounds (curcumin, vitamins C and E) with potential anti-cataract effects.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on natural antioxidants and their anti-cataract properties.
  • Analysis of existing data on curcumin, vitamin C, and vitamin E regarding their antioxidant and anti-cataract activities.
  • Exploration of plant-based antioxidants with potential therapeutic benefits.

Main Results:

  • Vitamins C and E show antioxidant activity by preventing lipid peroxidation but have questionable efficacy as anti-cataract agents.
  • Curcumin is a well-established anti-cataract agent, though its bioavailability remains a challenge.
  • Nanotechnology offers potential for enhancing curcumin bioavailability, requiring further research.

Conclusions:

  • Natural antioxidants, particularly curcumin, show promise in cataract prevention and treatment.
  • Dietary supplementation with antioxidants may offer defense against free radicals.
  • Further research, especially in enhancing curcumin bioavailability via nanotechnology, is crucial for clinical application.