Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 13, 2026

In Vivo Morphometric Analysis of Human Cranial Nerves Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Menière's Disease Ears and Normal Hearing Ears
Published on: February 21, 2018
Linguistic validation of the Greek M.D. Anderson Symptom Inventory - Head and Neck Module
G Brandon Gunn1, Michael I Koukourakis, Tito R Mendoza
1Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
Abstract:
BACKGROUND: Our goal is to linguistically validate the Greek translation of the M.D. Anderson Symptom Inventory Index - Head and Neck Module. PATIENTS & METHODS: Following forward and backward translation of the previously validated head and neck cancer specific items of the English MDASI-HN into Greek (G-MDASI-HN), it was administered along with a cognitive debriefing to head and neck cancer patients able to read and understand Greek. Individual and group responses are presented using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: From 02/2009 through 06/2009 30 subjects with head and neck cancer completed the G-MDASI-HN followed by completion of the accompanying cognitive debriefing. Ninety-eight percent of the individual G-MDASI-HN items were completed. "Voice" item was not completed by 5 patients. Average time to complete the G-MDASI-HN was 13.3 minutes. Average ease of completion was rated at 1.21 on a 0 to 10 scale with "0" being "very easy" and "10" being "very hard". Only 10% of patients reported trouble completing any item, namely "distress" and "numbness". CONCLUSIONS: The Greek-MDASI-HN is linguistically valid and a patient-reported instrument that can be used both in outcomes research and as a clinical tool.
Related Concept Videos
Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System I: Subjective Data
Health History
The initial step in assessing the GI system is obtaining a comprehensive health history. This includes inquiring about the patient's history or presence of problems related to...
Arteries of the Head and Neck
The internal carotid arteries supply blood to the anterior portion of the cerebrum. They enter the...
Myasthenia Gravis: Diagnostic Tests
The edrophonium test is a diagnostic tool for myasthenia gravis. It involves...
Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies
Veins of Head and Neck
On the other hand, the vertebral veins, unlike their arterial counterparts, are not primarily responsible for brain drainage. Instead, they drain the cervical vertebrae, spinal cord, and some small...
Assessment of the Mouth
Mouth Inspection
The inspection begins with visually examining the mouth for symmetry, color, and size.
