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Glial Cells

Glial Cells

Nervous Tissue: Glial Cells

Nervous Tissue: Glial Cells

Glia, or neuroglia, are vital support cells that assist neurons in their functions. The term "glia" originates from the Greek word for "glue," reflecting their role in holding the nervous system together. These cells can be categorized into six types: four in the central nervous system (CNS) and two in the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
The CNS glial cell includes the astrocytes, the oligodendrocytes, the microglia, and the ependymal cells.
Astrocytes are star-shaped glial cells that interact...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Co-culture of Glutamatergic Neurons and Pediatric High-Grade Glioma Cells Into Microfluidic Devices to Assess Electrical Interactions

Co-culture of Glutamatergic Neurons and Pediatric High-Grade Glioma Cells Into Microfluidic Devices to Assess Electrical Interactions

Published on: November 17, 2021

Gliomas in children.

Jane E Minturn¹, Michael J Fisher

¹Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3501 Civic Center Boulevard, CTRB 4028, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.

Current Treatment Options in Neurology

|February 27, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Pediatric gliomas, common brain tumors, require tailored treatments due to heterogeneity. Current approaches include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation, with ongoing research for better therapies.

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A Protocol for Rapid Post-mortem Cell Culture of Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma (DIPG)

A Protocol for Rapid Post-mortem Cell Culture of Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma (DIPG)

Published on: March 7, 2017

Area of Science:

Pediatric neuro-oncology
Brain tumor research
Cancer genomics

Background:

Gliomas are the most prevalent pediatric brain tumors, comprising 50% of CNS tumors.
These tumors exhibit significant heterogeneity, from benign to highly malignant forms.
A uniform treatment strategy is impractical due to diverse histology and biology.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current treatment strategies for pediatric gliomas.
To highlight the heterogeneity of gliomas and its impact on treatment.
To discuss emerging therapies and future research directions.

Main Methods:

Review of current treatment protocols for low-grade gliomas (LGGs) and high-grade gliomas (HGGs).
Discussion of surgical resection, chemotherapy regimens (e.g., carboplatin/vincristine), and radiotherapy.
Examination of specific challenges and treatments for brainstem gliomas, including diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPG).

Main Results:

LGGs are treated with maximal safe resection; subtotal resection or biopsy for deep-seated tumors.
Chemotherapy (e.g., carboplatin/vincristine) is a first-line option for progressive LGGs.
HGGs generally involve aggressive resection followed by radiation and chemotherapy (e.g., temozolomide, bevacizumab).
Brainstem gliomas, particularly DIPGs, have a poor prognosis despite radiation and chemotherapy trials.

Conclusions:

Treatment for pediatric gliomas must be individualized based on tumor grade, location, and biology.
Advances in understanding glioma biology are crucial for developing more precise and effective therapies.
Further research and clinical trials are essential to improve outcomes for children with gliomas.