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Smokeless tobacco use in Myanmar
1WHO Regional Office for South-East Asia, New Delhi. kyaingn@searo.who.int
Smokeless tobacco (SLT) use is common in Myanmar, particularly among men and youth, with cultural acceptance and myths contributing to its prevalence. Effective control measures and updated legislation are urgently needed to address this growing public health concern.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Sociology
- Tobacco Control
Background:
- Smokeless tobacco (SLT) use is widespread in Myanmar, deeply embedded in the culture.
- A common misconception is that SLT is less harmful than smoking.
- SLT use is increasing in Myanmar.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the socio-cultural context of SLT use in Myanmar.
- To identify common SLT products and usage patterns.
- To determine the prevalence of SLT use across different demographics.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing studies.
- Database searches on PubMed and Google.
- Analysis of survey data on SLT prevalence.
Main Results:
- SLT use is prevalent among 9.8% of 13-15-year-old school children and 20.8% of adults, with significantly higher rates in men.
- Betel quid with tobacco is a common form of SLT.
- Existing tobacco control laws lack specific provisions for SLT and are weakly enforced.
Conclusions:
- The high prevalence of SLT in Myanmar is driven by socio-cultural factors and myths.
- Urgent need for targeted community awareness, public education, and advocacy.
- Recommendations include strengthening and amending national tobacco control legislation to specifically address SLT.
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