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Related Concept Videos

Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders01:20

Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders

Gastrointestinal or GI motility disorders are characterized by irregular gastrointestinal tract movements, disrupting food transit from the mouth to the anus. They are caused by damage or dysfunction in gut muscles or nerves. These disorders can cause symptoms such as severe constipation, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and swallowing difficulties. Disorders can affect any segment of the GI tract and range widely in severity, from common conditions like GERD to life-threatening conditions like...
Cellular Adaptation IV: Dysplasia and Metaplasia01:24

Cellular Adaptation IV: Dysplasia and Metaplasia

DysplasiaDysplasia refers to abnormal changes in the size, shape, and organization of mature cells, characterized by pleomorphism, nuclear abnormalities, and increased mitotic activity. It commonly affects epithelial tissues, including the cervix, gastrointestinal tract, respiratory mucosa, and endometrium. Although it may occur alongside hyperplasia, dysplasia is not a true adaptive response but a preneoplastic change with potential to progress to cancer.When confined above the basement...
Other Disorders of Digestive System01:30

Other Disorders of Digestive System

The gastrointestinal tract is susceptible to various disorders. If the lower esophageal sphincter is damaged, stomach acid can flow back into the esophagus, causing irritation and inflammation of the lining. This condition is called gastroesophageal reflux disease (known as heartburn) and may cause chest pain and difficulty swallowing. In the stomach, prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like aspirin, chronic alcohol consumption, bacterial infections such as Helicobacter...
Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology01:07

Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology

Intestinal obstruction triggers a series of physiological responses, starting with gas and fluid accumulation in the bowel segment proximal to the obstruction, leading to distension. This distended intestine compresses the diaphragm, hindering lung expansion and potentially leading to reduced respiratory effort, atelectasis, and pneumonia.To overcome the blockage, the gut intensifies contractions, causing colicky abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which reduces fluid and food intake and...
Pyloric Obstruction01:11

Pyloric Obstruction

Pyloric obstruction, also referred to as gastric outlet obstruction, is a condition characterized by narrowing or blockage at the pylorus—the muscular valve regulating the flow of stomach contents into the duodenum. When this passage becomes impaired, the stomach cannot effectively empty its contents into the small intestine. This disruption leads to a range of gastrointestinal symptoms, including early satiety, bloating, epigastric pain, postprandial nausea, persistent vomiting, and...
Barrett Esophagus-I: Introduction01:21

Barrett Esophagus-I: Introduction

Barrett's esophagus is a medical condition where the esophageal mucosa is significantly damaged by stomach acid or other digestive fluids, often due to long-term exposure associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). In GERD, a weakened or abnormally relaxed lower esophageal sphincter allows stomach acid to flow persistently into the esophagus.
This constant acid exposure transforms the esophagus's pink mucosal lining (stratified squamous epithelium) into a type of lining more similar...

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Updated: May 13, 2026

Diagnosis of Neoplasia in Barrett’s Esophagus using Vital-dye Enhanced Fluorescence Imaging
06:55

Diagnosis of Neoplasia in Barrett’s Esophagus using Vital-dye Enhanced Fluorescence Imaging

Published on: May 11, 2014

Gastrointestinal dysplasia.

Poonam Sharma1, Elizabeth Montgomery

  • 1Department of Pathology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA. psharma@creighton.edu

Pathology
|February 28, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gastrointestinal dysplasia, a precursor to cancer, presents diagnostic challenges due to varied appearances and similarity to regenerating epithelium. Accurate diagnosis is crucial for patient care and cancer risk assessment.

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Mouse Fetal Whole Intestine Culture System for Ex Vivo Manipulation of Signaling Pathways and Three-dimensional Live Imaging of Villus Development
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Published on: September 4, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 13, 2026

Diagnosis of Neoplasia in Barrett’s Esophagus using Vital-dye Enhanced Fluorescence Imaging
06:55

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Published on: May 11, 2014

Mouse Fetal Whole Intestine Culture System for Ex Vivo Manipulation of Signaling Pathways and Three-dimensional Live Imaging of Villus Development
06:46

Mouse Fetal Whole Intestine Culture System for Ex Vivo Manipulation of Signaling Pathways and Three-dimensional Live Imaging of Villus Development

Published on: September 4, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Pathology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Dysplasia (intraepithelial neoplasia) signifies neoplastic, non-invasive epithelium.
  • It is a recognized precursor to carcinoma and indicates high cancer risk.
  • Accurate diagnosis is vital for patient management and surveillance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the definition, classification, histological features, and grading of gastrointestinal dysplasia.
  • To focus on dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus (BE), gastric epithelial dysplasia (GED), and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
  • To discuss diagnostic challenges, observer variability, and adjunctive markers.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on gastrointestinal dysplasia.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria and histological features.
  • Discussion of challenges in specific conditions like BE, GED, and IBD.

Main Results:

  • Dysplasia diagnosis is complicated by heterogeneity and subtle differences from regenerating epithelium.
  • Observer variability is a significant factor in dysplasia interpretation.
  • Sampling errors limit surveillance efficacy in BE and IBD.

Conclusions:

  • Gastrointestinal dysplasia diagnosis requires careful evaluation of cytological and architectural features.
  • Understanding diagnostic pitfalls and observer variability is essential.
  • Adjunctive markers and improved surveillance strategies may enhance diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes.