Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 13, 2026

08:16
Movement Retraining using Real-time Feedback of Performance
Published on: January 17, 2013
Twelve tips for making the best use of feedback
Renée M van der Leeuw1, Irene A Slootweg
1University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands. r.m.vanderleeuw@amc.nl
Medical Teacher
|March 1, 2013
Summary
Effective feedback is essential for medical education. This study offers twelve practical tips to help learners at all levels utilize feedback for improved performance and self-assessment.
Area of Science:
- Medical Education
- Professional Development
- Learning Sciences
Background:
- Feedback is critical for effective learning and performance improvement.
- Feedback instruments are common in medical education but require learner engagement to be effective.
- Learner reception and application of feedback are key to its utility.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide practical strategies for optimizing the use of feedback in medical education.
- To enhance self-assessment and performance improvement through effective feedback utilization.
- To support learners across all stages of medical training.
Main Methods:
- Formulation of twelve tips based on seminal feedback literature.
- Discussion and refinement of tips with a research team of medical education experts.
- Incorporation of recent developments and practical experiences in medical education.
Main Results:
- Twelve actionable tips are presented for utilizing feedback.
- Strategies are provided for reflection, interaction, and response to feedback.
- The tips are applicable to medical students, interns, residents, clinical teachers, and practicing physicians.
Conclusions:
- Implementing these twelve tips can maximize the benefits of feedback.
- Effective feedback utilization is crucial for achieving peak performance in medical education and patient care.
- These strategies support continuous learning and development for all medical professionals.
Related Concept Videos
Negative and Positive Feedback
Animal organs and organ systems constantly adjust to internal and external changes through a process called homeostasis ("steady state"). Examples of these changes include regulation of the level of glucose or calcium in the blood or internal responses to external temperatures. Homeostasis requires maintaining an internal dynamic equilibrium:
Effects of feedback
Feedback in control systems plays a critical role in shaping various operational parameters, extending beyond simple error reduction to influence stability, bandwidth, gain, impedance, and sensitivity. Understanding these effects requires examining a basic feedback system characterized by defined input, output, error, and feedback signals.
Feedback significantly modifies the gain of a control system. The gain of a system without feedback is altered by a factor of one plus GH, where G represents...
Feedback significantly modifies the gain of a control system. The gain of a system without feedback is altered by a factor of one plus GH, where G represents...
Sources of Self-Esteem II: Performance Feedback
Self-esteem is intricately tied to our perception of competence and our ability to exert control over our lives. One of the primary sources of this perception is performance feedback — the ongoing evaluation of our actions in terms of success and failure. According to Franks and Marolla (1976), people derive self-worth from experiencing themselves as causal agents, capable of achieving goals and overcoming obstacles. This process nurtures a critical component of self-esteem: self-efficacy,...
Positive and Negative Feedback Loops
Animal organs and organ systems constantly adjust to internal and external changes through a process called homeostasis ("steady state"). Examples of these changes include regulation of the level of glucose or calcium in the blood or internal responses to external temperatures. Homeostasis requires maintaining an internal dynamic equilibrium:
Introspection
Introspection, long upheld as a reliable route to self-knowledge, involves examining one's thoughts, emotions, and mental processes. It underpins many psychological practices, from mindfulness meditation to psychotherapy and self-help strategies. However, empirical evidence challenges the accuracy of introspection as a means of understanding oneself.Limitations of Introspective InsightSeminal work by Nisbett and Wilson demonstrated that individuals are frequently unaware of the true causes...
Techniques of Therapeutic Communication II: Focusing, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing
Focusing involves centering a conversation on a message's critical elements or concepts. Focusing is valuable if the talk is vague or patients begin to repeat themselves. Sometimes, when patients are asked about their symptoms, they may go off-topic and try to tell their entire life story. Respectfully, the nurse should bring the conversation back into focus.
This therapeutic technique can also be used when a patient brings up pertinent information during a health-related conversation. The...
This therapeutic technique can also be used when a patient brings up pertinent information during a health-related conversation. The...

