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Related Concept Videos

Drugs Used in Lower Respiratory Disorders: Overview01:17

Drugs Used in Lower Respiratory Disorders: Overview

Lower respiratory tract disorders present challenges that often require skilled and nuanced approaches for effective management. Common ailments, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), have prompted the development of intricate treatment strategies involving bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory drugs, each tailored to ease breathing and revitalize the lungs.
Bronchodilators, the first step of respiration enhancement, come in various forms, each with its own mechanism...
Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes01:22

Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes

Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection,  and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs through the...
Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Sublingual Immunotherapy as an Alternative to Induce Protection Against Acute Respiratory Infections
16:56

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Published on: August 30, 2014

Sublingual immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis and conjunctivitis.

Giovanni Passalacqua1, Valentina Garelli, Francesca Sclifò

  • 1Allergy & Respiratory Diseases, IRCCS San Martino-IST-University of Genoa, Padiglione Maragliano, L.go R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy. passalacqua@unige.it

Immunotherapy
|March 1, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) offers a safe and effective alternative for allergic respiratory diseases, showing over 20% improvement in symptoms and medication use compared to placebo. This treatment is now being explored for other allergic conditions like food allergies.

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Area of Science:

  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Clinical Therapeutics

Background:

  • Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) emerged in 1986 as an alternative to subcutaneous immunotherapy for allergic respiratory diseases.
  • Over 60 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have demonstrated SLIT's efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) for allergic respiratory diseases.
  • To assess the risk:benefit ratio of SLIT.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of over 60 randomized controlled trials.
  • Analysis of symptom scores and medication use compared to placebo.
  • Evaluation of adverse events, including anaphylaxis.

Main Results:

  • SLIT demonstrated an average improvement of over 20% in symptom scores and medication use compared to placebo.
  • The treatment has a favorable safety profile, with side effects primarily limited to oral discomfort.
  • Only six cases of anaphylaxis and no fatalities have been reported.

Conclusions:

  • Sublingual immunotherapy is a highly effective treatment for allergic respiratory diseases with a good safety profile.
  • The favorable risk:benefit ratio supports its use and investigation in other allergic conditions, including food allergy and atopic dermatitis.