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Related Concept Videos

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Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Overview and Classification

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) is a clinical practice that measures specific drug levels in a patient's blood at designated intervals to ensure the drug concentration stays within a therapeutic range. This monitoring is crucial for optimizing individual dosage regimens, enhancing therapeutic efficacy, and minimizing drug-related toxicity. TDM is vital for drugs with narrow therapeutic windows, significant variability in pharmacokinetics, and a clear correlation between plasma levels and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Drug Repurposing Hypothesis Generation Using the "RE:fine Drugs" System
05:10

Drug Repurposing Hypothesis Generation Using the "RE:fine Drugs" System

Published on: December 11, 2016

Diagnostic classification past, present, and future: implications for pharmacotherapy.

Robert H Howland1

  • 1University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. HowlandRH@upmc.edu

Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services
|March 1, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diagnostic systems are improving in reliability but lack validity, hindering understanding of mental disorders. The Research Domain Criteria project aims to improve diagnosis by focusing on neurobiology, potentially aiding treatment development.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Neuroscience
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Diagnosis is crucial for understanding disorder progression, treatment selection, and predicting treatment response.
  • Diagnostic evaluation relies on reliability and validity, with reliability being a prerequisite for validity.
  • Current diagnostic systems have limitations in addressing pathophysiology and treatment specificity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the reliability and validity of diagnostic systems.
  • To explore alternative approaches for understanding mental disorders.
  • To improve the development and application of treatment interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of diagnostic system evaluation criteria (reliability and validity).
  • Analysis of the historical development and impact of diagnostic classification systems since 1970.
  • Introduction of the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) project as a novel research framework.

Main Results:

  • Reliability of psychiatric diagnoses has significantly improved with modern classification systems.
  • Evidence for the validity of most psychiatric diagnoses remains limited.
  • Existing diagnostic systems have not optimally facilitated the discovery of disorder-specific pathophysiological mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • While diagnostic reliability has advanced, validity remains a challenge for current psychiatric diagnoses.
  • The Research Domain Criteria project offers a promising shift towards understanding neurobiological systems, potentially enhancing our grasp of mental disorder pathophysiology.
  • This neurobiological approach may ultimately prove more beneficial for developing and utilizing effective treatment interventions.