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Related Concept Videos

Acute Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology01:21

Acute Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis centers on injury to pancreatic acinar cells, which initiates a cascade of harmful intracellular events.This injury leads to premature activation of trypsinogen to trypsin in the pancreas. Trypsin then activates other digestive enzymes, such as chymotrypsin, elastase, and phospholipase A2, which begin breaking down pancreatic tissue. The resulting autodigestion causes local inflammation, tissue swelling, hemorrhage, and fat necrosis.Injured acinar cells...
Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:25

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Acute pancreatitis is the sudden inflammation of the pancreas caused by the early activation of digestive enzymes, leading to the autodigestion of pancreatic tissue. This results in local inflammation and, in severe cases, systemic complications.EtiologyUnderstanding the underlying causes is crucial, as identifying the etiology guides treatment and anticipates complications. Acute pancreatitis can be triggered by various factors, typically grouped into the following clinical categories.Biliary...
Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas, an organ located behind the stomach. It can be either acute or chronic.
Acute pancreatitis is characterized by rapid inflammation of the pancreas, often caused by factors like gallstone blockage or excessive alcohol consumption. Chronic pancreatitis, on the other hand, is a slow, progressive inflammation that may result from long-term alcohol abuse, obstructions in the pancreatic duct, or genetic factors.
The causes of acute pancreatitis include:
Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Chronic pancreatitis is a long-standing, relapsing inflammation of the pancreas, characterized by irreversible damage to the gland. It results in progressive destruction of the pancreatic parenchyma, fibrosis, and eventual loss of both exocrine and endocrine function. The disease may evolve gradually after multiple episodes of acute pancreatitis or develop independently.EtiologyChronic pancreatitis can arise from a variety of causes:Alcohol use is the leading cause, accounting for 70–80% of...
Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:24

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
Chronic Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology01:21

Chronic Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology

Chronic pancreatitis is a progressive and irreversible inflammation of the pancreas, most often caused by long-term alcohol abuse, but it can also be related to ductal obstruction, smoking, or genetic factors.Chronic pancreatitis occurs when the pancreas is repeatedly exposed to harmful agents like alcohol, smoking, ductal obstruction, or genetic predisposition. These factors lead to the release of toxic metabolites and inflammatory cytokines, sustaining chronic inflammation in the pancreatic...

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Sodium Taurocholate Induced Severe Acute Pancreatitis in C57BL/6 Mice
06:35

Sodium Taurocholate Induced Severe Acute Pancreatitis in C57BL/6 Mice

Published on: June 28, 2021

Hypertriglyceridaemia-induced pancreatitis.

Natasha Weston1, Upul Fernando, Varadarajan Baskar

  • 1The Heart of England NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK. n.weston@nhs.net

BMJ Case Reports
|March 1, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hypertriglyceridaemia, a rare cause of acute pancreatitis, requires high clinical suspicion. This case highlights diagnosing pancreatitis secondary to hypertriglyceridaemia in a patient initially suspected of diabetic ketoacidosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Hypertriglyceridaemia is a significant, yet often overlooked, cause of acute pancreatitis.
  • Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective management and prevention of complications.

Observation:

  • A 46-year-old male presented with symptoms initially suggestive of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
  • Initial investigations, including normal amylase levels, did not immediately indicate pancreatitis.
  • The patient's lack of response to DKA treatment and presence of hyperlipidaemia prompted further investigation.

Findings:

  • The patient was diagnosed with acute pancreatitis secondary to severe hypertriglyceridaemia.
  • Cardiovascular risk factors were noted, complicating the clinical picture.
  • Challenges in differentiating primary versus secondary hypertriglyceridaemia were encountered.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering hypertriglyceridaemia in pancreatitis, even with atypical presentations.
  • Understanding the pathogenesis and treatment of hypertriglyceridaemia is vital for managing associated pancreatitis.
  • Highlights the need for a high index of suspicion for diagnosing rare causes of acute pancreatitis.