Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Retrovirus Life Cycles01:10

Retrovirus Life Cycles

Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the retrovirus to...
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism01:27

Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism

Synergism is a useful mechanism where combining two or more drugs is more effective than each constituent used alone. Such combinations are also called supra-additive interactions. The drugs collectively enhance the final therapeutic effect by acting on different targets. Another advantage is that the low dose of each constituent drug is sufficient to achieve the desired effect. This helps reduce the duration of therapy and lower the adverse effects of these drugs.
Such synergistic combinations...
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Impact of specific ligands and HIV latency reversal agents on estrogen Receptor alpha in CD4+ T cells.

JCI insight·2026
Same author

Single-cell analysis of HIV expression and integration sites reveals robust viral expression across diverse chromatin environments.

Microbiology spectrum·2026
Same author

A screen of chromatin-targeting compounds identifies TAF1 as a novel regulator of HIV latency.

mBio·2026
Same author

MVA.HIVconsvX vaccination-evoked T cell expansion inversely associates with age in people with HIV-1 on antiretroviral therapy.

The Journal of clinical investigation·2026
Same author

The ENL-USP7 Complex Regulates HIV Latency Through BRD4 Stabilization.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Histone decrotonylation plays a distinct role in HIV latency.

Science advances·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Oral Combinational Antiretroviral Treatment in HIV-1 Infected Humanized Mice
06:07

Oral Combinational Antiretroviral Treatment in HIV-1 Infected Humanized Mice

Published on: October 6, 2022

Combined approaches for HIV cure.

David M Margolis1, Daria J Hazuda

  • 1Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7042, USA. dmargo@med.unc.edu

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS
|March 1, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers are developing complex, multimodality therapies to eradicate established human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Early studies show promise with histone deacetylase inhibitors and immune-based treatments, with validated model systems advancing preclinical research.

More Related Videos

Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors
05:46

Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors

Published on: April 9, 2014

Evaluation of the Efficacy And Toxicity of RNAs Targeting HIV-1 Production for Use in Gene or Drug Therapy
12:03

Evaluation of the Efficacy And Toxicity of RNAs Targeting HIV-1 Production for Use in Gene or Drug Therapy

Published on: September 5, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 13, 2026

Oral Combinational Antiretroviral Treatment in HIV-1 Infected Humanized Mice
06:07

Oral Combinational Antiretroviral Treatment in HIV-1 Infected Humanized Mice

Published on: October 6, 2022

Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors
05:46

Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors

Published on: April 9, 2014

Evaluation of the Efficacy And Toxicity of RNAs Targeting HIV-1 Production for Use in Gene or Drug Therapy
12:03

Evaluation of the Efficacy And Toxicity of RNAs Targeting HIV-1 Production for Use in Gene or Drug Therapy

Published on: September 5, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Virology and Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Therapeutic Development

Background:

  • Established human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection persists despite potent antiretroviral therapy, necessitating novel eradication strategies.
  • The biological complexity of latent HIV reservoirs poses a significant challenge to complete viral clearance.
  • Multimodality therapeutic approaches are widely considered essential for achieving HIV eradication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in the development of therapies aimed at eradicating established HIV infection.
  • To highlight emerging therapeutic targets and preclinical models for HIV eradication research.
  • To discuss the potential of combination therapies in the context of persistent HIV infection.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent studies focusing on novel therapeutic targets and preclinical models for HIV eradication.
  • Investigation of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors for disrupting HIV latency.
  • Exploration of other molecular targets including histone methyltransferase, protein kinase C, and BRD4.
  • Validation of in vitro (primary cells) and in vivo (animal models) systems for preclinical assessment.
  • Evaluation of immune-based therapies being tested in clinical settings for persistent HIV clearance.

Main Results:

  • Histone deacetylase inhibitors have shown efficacy in disrupting HIV latency in human subjects.
  • New HDAC inhibitors are being identified, alongside studies on other targets like histone methyltransferase, protein kinase C, and BRD4.
  • Preclinical model systems, including primary cells and animal models, are undergoing validation.
  • Immune-based therapies are under clinical investigation to aid in the clearance of persistent HIV infection.

Conclusions:

  • The precise composition of future combination eradication therapies for HIV remains undetermined.
  • Candidate therapies and robust preclinical validation model systems are beginning to emerge.
  • Continued research into multimodality approaches is crucial for advancing HIV eradication efforts.