Hemorrhage in mice produces alterations in intestinal B cell repertoires

Abnormalities in immune response play a major role in the increased susceptibility to infection after hemorrhage and trauma. Infections occurring after injury often originate in the intestine. In order to determine the effects of hemorrhage on intestinal B cell function, we examined hemorrhage-induced alterations in available (clonal precursors) and actual (plasma cells) B cell repertoires among intestinal lamina propria and Peyer's patch cells. Hemorrhage resulted in complete suppression of the increase in levan-specific lamina propria and Peyer's patch plasma cell numbers following oral immunization with this bacterial polysaccharide antigen. The absolute frequency of clonal precursors specific for levan among lamina propria B cells decreased by more than twofold following hemorrhage. These results demonstrate that hemorrhage produces marked alterations in intestinal B cell repertoires, which may contribute to postinjury abnormalities in host defenses.