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A highly efficient microfluidic nano biochip based on nanostructured nickel oxide.

Md Azahar Ali¹, Pratima R Solanki, Manoj K Patel

¹Department of Science and Technology Centre on Biomolecular Electronics, Biomedical Instrumentation Section, National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K. S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi-110012, India.

|March 1, 2013

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We developed a novel microfluidic biosensor using nickel oxide nanorods (NRs-NiO) for direct electrochemical detection of total cholesterol in blood. This reliable, time-efficient chip accurately measures cholesterol at clinically relevant concentrations.

Area of Science:

Electrochemistry
Nanomaterials Science
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Cholesterol measurement is crucial for cardiovascular disease diagnosis.
Existing methods for cholesterol detection can be time-consuming and complex.
Development of rapid, reliable point-of-care diagnostic tools is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

To fabricate and characterize a microfluidic biosensor chip for direct electrochemical detection of total cholesterol.
To immobilize enzymes cholesterol esterase (ChEt) and cholesterol oxidase (ChOx) on nickel oxide nanorods (NRs-NiO) for enhanced sensing capabilities.
To evaluate the sensor's performance in detecting cholesterol in buffer solutions at clinically relevant concentrations.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of a microfluidic channel on a working electrode comprising NRs-NiO co-immobilized with ChEt and ChOx.

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Use of bare indium tin oxide as the counter electrode and Ag/AgCl as the reference electrode.

Characterization of the NRs-NiO electrode using X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, HR-TEM, FT-IR, UV-visible spectroscopy, and electrochemical techniques.

Main Results:

The NRs-NiO based microfluidic sensor demonstrated linearity in the range of 1.5-10.3 mM.
Achieved high sensitivity of 0.12 mA mM(-1) cm(-2).
Exhibited a low Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) of 0.16 mM, indicating high enzyme efficiency.

Conclusions:

The developed NRs-NiO based microfluidic biosensor offers a reliable and time-efficient method for direct electrochemical detection of total cholesterol.
The sensor exhibits excellent analytical performance, including high sensitivity and low Km, suitable for clinical applications.
This technology holds promise for rapid and accurate cholesterol monitoring in healthcare settings.