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The polyadenylate polymerases from yeast.

L A Hafe, E B Keller

    The Journal of Biological Chemistry
    |March 10, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Researchers have identified three distinct poly(A) polymerase enzymes in yeast, each with unique roles in synthesizing polyadenylate [poly(A)] tracts on RNA molecules. These enzymes are crucial for messenger RNA processing and mitochondrial function.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Molecular Biology
    • Yeast Genetics

    Background:

    • Polyadenylation is a critical post-transcriptional modification of RNA.
    • Poly(A) polymerase activity was initially detected in yeast extracts.
    • The specific enzymes responsible for polyadenylation in yeast remained largely uncharacterized.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To isolate and characterize the distinct poly(A) polymerase enzymes in yeast.
    • To elucidate the specific roles of each enzyme in RNA processing.
    • To understand the biochemical properties and cellular localization of these enzymes.

    Main Methods:

    • Chromatography on DEAE-cellulose to separate enzymatic activities.
    • In vitro assays to determine substrate specificity and catalytic activity.

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  • Analysis of enzyme elution profiles and cofactor requirements.

    • Main Results:

    • Three distinct poly(A) polymerase enzymes (I, II, and III) were isolated.
    • Enzyme I (0.07 M ammonium sulfate) initiates poly(A) tracts on mRNA.
    • Enzyme II (0.20 M ammonium sulfate) elongates poly(A) tracts in the nucleus.
    • Enzyme III (0.56 M ammonium sulfate) may be involved in mitochondrial polyadenylation.
    • All enzymes require an RNA primer, Mn2+, and have a pH optimum of 8.5.
    • Enzymes exhibit intrinsic capacity for cytidylate incorporation.

    Conclusions:

    • Yeast possesses multiple poly(A) polymerase enzymes with specialized functions.
    • These enzymes play distinct roles in mRNA maturation and mitochondrial RNA metabolism.
    • The characterization of these enzymes provides insights into the regulation of polyadenylation in eukaryotes.