Using brain imaging to unravel the mysteries of stuttering

After many decades of attributing stuttering to causes ranging from childhood trauma to overly anxious personalities, scientists have used neuroimaging techniques to uncover measurable differences in the brain activity of people who stutter versus fluent speakers. But while researchers have made great strides in understanding stuttering in adults, the neural basis of stuttering in children largely remains a mystery. We do not yet know why up to 80 percent of children who stutter recover without intervention, nor do we know how to distinguish those who will recover without intervention from those who will not. However, recent findings support the idea that early intervention can alter or normalize brain function before stuttering-induced changes become hardwired.