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Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets

Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets

Advances in genomics have profoundly influenced drug discovery by increasing both the speed and accuracy of pharmaceutical development. Pharmacogenomics, which examines how genetic variation influences drug response, facilitates the identification of novel therapeutic targets and enables patient stratification for personalized treatment. These strategies contribute to improved drug efficacy, minimized adverse effects, and more efficient clinical trial design.Mapping genetic differences...

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Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu

Genetic variations significantly influence drug response through pharmacokinetics, receptor interactions, and biologic milieu modifications. Pharmacokinetic alterations impact drug metabolism and clearance, affecting efficacy and toxicity. Variants in drug-metabolizing enzymes, such as CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, alter drug activation and elimination. For example, CYP2C9 loss-of-function variants require lower warfarin doses to prevent excessive bleeding, while CYP2C19 variants reduce clopidogrel...

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Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase

Genetic polymorphisms in drug targets have emerged as critical determinants of interindividual variability in drug response and toxicity. Pharmacogenomic investigations increasingly focus on identifying these variations to personalize and optimize therapeutic interventions. A drug target may be a receptor, enzyme, or signaling protein involved in pharmacologic responses or disease-related pathways. While early pharmacogenetic studies focused primarily on drug metabolism, current research...

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Drugs target macromolecules to modify ongoing cellular processes. Primary drug targets include receptors, ion channels, transporters, and enzymes.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Protein Target Prediction and Validation of Small Molecule Compound

Protein Target Prediction and Validation of Small Molecule Compound

Published on: February 23, 2024

Epigenetic and disease targets by polyphenols.

Min-Hsiung Pan¹, Ching-Shu Lai, Jia-Ching Wu

¹Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA. mhpan@mail.nkmu.edu.tw.

Current Pharmaceutical Design

|March 2, 2013

Summary

Dietary polyphenols can reverse harmful epigenetic changes, offering a new approach to prevent diseases like cancer and cardiovascular disease by targeting DNA methylation and histone modifications. This review explores how these compounds influence epigenetic mechanisms for health benefits.

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Last Updated: May 13, 2026

Protein Target Prediction and Validation of Small Molecule Compound

Protein Target Prediction and Validation of Small Molecule Compound

Published on: February 23, 2024

Area of Science:

Epigenetics and Nutraceuticals
Molecular Biology
Disease Prevention

Background:

Epigenetic modifications (DNA methylation, histone modification, miRNA) regulate gene expression without altering DNA sequence.
Aberrant epigenetic mechanisms are linked to various diseases, including cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, obesity, and cancer.
Epigenetic changes are heritable and reversible, making them attractive targets for disease prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the influence of dietary polyphenols on major epigenetic mechanisms.
To explore the underlying mechanisms by which polyphenols impact epigenetics for disease intervention.
To highlight dietary polyphenol-targeted epigenetics as a promising approach for disease prevention.

Main Methods:

Literature review of studies on dietary polyphenols and epigenetic modifications.
Analysis of mechanisms involving DNA methylation, histone modification, and microRNA.
Examination of polyphenol interactions with enzymes regulating gene expression.

Main Results:

Polyphenols can reverse adverse epigenetic regulation by altering DNA methylation and histone modifications.
Dietary polyphenols modulate microRNA expression.
Polyphenols can reactivate silenced tumor suppressor genes or inactivate oncogenes.

Conclusions:

Dietary polyphenols offer a promising strategy for disease prevention and intervention by targeting epigenetic mechanisms.
Understanding polyphenol-epigenetic interactions can lead to novel therapeutic approaches.
Further research into dietary polyphenol-epigenetic mechanisms is warranted for optimizing health outcomes.