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Updated: May 13, 2026

A Point-of-Care Method with Integrated Decision Support Tool to Estimate Anemia at Population Level
Published on: January 19, 2024
Population-based pediatric reference intervals for hematology, iron and transferrin
Mattias Aldrimer1, Peter Ridefelt, Peo Rödöö
1Department of Clinical Chemistry, County Hospital of Falun, Falun, Sweden.
Insights
This study establishes age- and gender-specific pediatric reference intervals for hematology and anemia analytes in healthy children. These new reference values aid clinicians in diagnosing conditions in pediatric populations.
Area of Science:
- Clinical Chemistry
- Pediatric Hematology
Background:
- Reference intervals are essential for clinical decision-making in differentiating healthy from diseased individuals.
- Pediatric reference intervals for many blood analytes are often lacking or incomplete, hindering accurate diagnosis in children.
Purpose of the Study:
- To establish comprehensive, age- and gender-specific pediatric reference intervals for key hematology and anemia analytes.
- To provide clinicians with reliable data for the accurate assessment of children's health status.
Main Methods:
- Blood samples were collected from 689 healthy children aged 6 months to 18 years.
- Hematology and anemia analytes were measured using Siemens Advia 2120 and Abbott Architect ci8200 platforms.
- Age- and gender-specific reference intervals were determined by calculating the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles.
Main Results:
- Defined pediatric reference intervals for hemoglobin, erythrocyte volume fraction (EVF), erythrocytes, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), reticulocytes, leukocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, platelets, iron, transferrin, and transferrin saturation.
- The generated data is primarily applicable to a Caucasian population but can be verified for local use.
Conclusions:
- Established crucial reference intervals for pediatric hematology and anemia analytes.
- These intervals support improved diagnostic accuracy in pediatric healthcare.
- Laboratories can utilize this data after local verification.
Abstract:
Reference intervals are crucial decision-making tools aiding clinicians in differentiating between healthy and diseased populations. However, for children such values often are lacking or incomplete. Blood samples were obtained from 689 healthy children, aged 6 months to 18 years, recruited in day care centers and schools. Hematology and anemia analytes were measured on the Siemens Advia 2120 and Abbott Architect ci8200 platforms (hemoglobin, erythrocyte volume fraction [EVF], erythrocytes, mean corpuscular volume [MCV], mean corpuscular hemoglobin [MCH], mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration [MCHC], reticulocytes, leukocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, platelets, iron, transferrin, transferrin saturation). Age- and gender-specific pediatric reference intervals were defined by calculating 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles. The data generated is primarily applicable to a Caucasian population, but could be used by any laboratory if verified for the local patient population.
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Disorders of Erythrocytes
Erythrocyte disorders can be broadly categorized into two main types: anemic and polycythemic conditions.
A low oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood due to the loss, lower production, or destruction of erythrocytes is termed anemia. Hemorrhagic anemia, for example, occurs when bleeding from an external wound or internal ulcer reduces erythrocyte counts.
On the other...

