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Related Concept Videos

RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

Nucleic Acid Structure

The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA has a double-helix structure. The...
Types of RNA01:20

Types of RNA

Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
Types of RNA01:23

Types of RNA

Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Sequence-specific and Selective Recognition of Double-stranded RNAs over Single-stranded RNAs by Chemically Modified Peptide Nucleic Acids
09:04

Sequence-specific and Selective Recognition of Double-stranded RNAs over Single-stranded RNAs by Chemically Modified Peptide Nucleic Acids

Published on: September 21, 2017

[Nanostructured RNA for RNA interference].

Hiroshi Abe1

  • 1Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, Wako, Saitama, Japan. h-abe@riken.jp

Yakugaku Zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan
|March 2, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nano-structural designs like dumbbell or branched RNA enhance the stability of natural RNA strands, prolonging RNA interference effects for therapeutic applications.

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An Assay for Quantifying Protein-RNA Binding in Bacteria
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Last Updated: May 13, 2026

Sequence-specific and Selective Recognition of Double-stranded RNAs over Single-stranded RNAs by Chemically Modified Peptide Nucleic Acids
09:04

Sequence-specific and Selective Recognition of Double-stranded RNAs over Single-stranded RNAs by Chemically Modified Peptide Nucleic Acids

Published on: September 21, 2017

An Assay for Quantifying Protein-RNA Binding in Bacteria
07:02

An Assay for Quantifying Protein-RNA Binding in Bacteria

Published on: June 12, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Context:

  • RNA interference (RNAi) is a gene-silencing mechanism initiated by double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs).
  • Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are key effectors of RNAi, particularly in mammalian cells.
  • Current therapeutic applications face challenges due to the rapid degradation of natural RNA strands in biological fluids.

Purpose:

  • To develop a method for stabilizing natural RNA strands for RNAi applications.
  • To investigate the efficacy of nano-structural designs in improving the biological stability and RNAi activity of natural RNA.

Summary:

  • Investigated dumbbell RNA, double-stranded circular RNA, and branched RNA structures for enhanced biological stability and RNAi activity.
  • Compared the performance of these nano-structural designs against chemically modified siRNAs.
  • Identified dumbbell and branched RNA designs as effective in prolonging RNAi effects due to superior biological stability.

Impact:

  • Nano-structural design offers a promising strategy for stabilizing natural RNA, overcoming limitations of chemical modifications.
  • This approach provides a non-toxic alternative for enhancing siRNA stability, crucial for therapeutic development.
  • Dumbbell and branched RNA structures demonstrate potential for improved RNAi-based therapies and research tools.