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Updated: May 13, 2026

Continuous Venous-Arterial Doppler Ultrasound During a Preload Challenge

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Published on: January 20, 2023

Decision support for hemodynamic management: from graphical displays to closed loop systems.

Frederic Michard¹

¹From the Department of Critical Care, Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, California.

Anesthesia and Analgesia

|March 2, 2013

Summary

Current hemodynamic therapy delivery in anesthesia and critical care is suboptimal. Enhanced graphical displays and closed-loop systems may improve hemodynamic management and patient outcomes, but require further study.

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Standardized Hemorrhagic Shock Induction Guided by Cerebral Oximetry and Extended Hemodynamic Monitoring in Pigs

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Published on: May 21, 2019

Area of Science:

Anesthesiology
Critical Care Medicine
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Current hemodynamic therapy delivery in anesthesia and critical care is suboptimal.
Hemodynamic variables are often misunderstood and misused, leading to poor adoption of goal-directed strategies.
Existing decision support tools and closed-loop systems aim to improve therapy effectiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the potential of graphical displays and closed-loop systems in improving hemodynamic management.
To assess if enhanced visualization can lead to faster and more accurate clinical decisions.
To explore the feasibility of automating simple, repetitive tasks like intraoperative goal-directed fluid therapy.

Main Methods:

Review of current practices in hemodynamic therapy delivery.
Discussion of the potential benefits of graphical displays (metaphor and target screens).
Analysis of the role and limitations of closed-loop systems in critical care.

Main Results:

Graphical displays may enhance clinician understanding and integration of hemodynamic data.
Target screens show potential for improving adherence to goal-directed strategies.
Closed-loop systems offer promise for ensuring therapy delivery but face limitations with complex decisions.

Conclusions:

Hemodynamic therapy delivery requires improvement through better understanding and application of data.
Graphical displays and closed-loop systems present promising avenues for enhancing hemodynamic management.
Further prospective studies are needed to confirm the clinical utility and patient benefits of these technologies, particularly for automating tasks like fluid therapy.