Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

DNA Helicases

DNA Helicases

DNA unwinding helicase enzymes are a type of motor protein. Motor proteins can translocate along filaments or polymers using energy generated from ATP hydrolysis. Helicases are involved in all the important cellular processes where DNA unwinding is required, such as DNA replication, repair, recombination, and transcription. They are present in all living organisms, but vary in their structure, function, and mechanism of action. For example, in prokaryotes, DnaB helicase binds and translocates...

Energy to Drive Translocation

Energy to Drive Translocation

Mitochondrial protein import is powered by two distinct energy sources: ATP hydrolysis and electrochemical potential across the inner membrane. Newly synthesized precursors are bound by cytosolic chaperones of the Hsp70 family, which guide them to the import receptors on the mitochondrial surface. Utilizing the energy of ATP hydrolysis, Hsp70 chaperones transfer these precursors to the TOM receptors on the mitochondrial outer membrane.
Generally, polypeptides are unfolded by two distinct...

Mitochondrial Protein Sorting

Mitochondrial Protein Sorting

Mitochondria are double-membrane organelles of the eukaryotes involved in cellular metabolism, signaling, ATP synthesis, and programmed cell death. Each of these processes requires specific proteins and enzymes that must be correctly sorted to the right mitochondrial subcompartment for the proper functioning of the organelle.
Most of these mitochondrial proteins are encoded by the nucleus and imported to the mitochondria as unfolded or loosely folded precursors. Mitochondrial precursors...

Mitochondrial Membranes

Mitochondrial Membranes

A single mitochondrion is a bean-shaped organelle enclosed by a double-membrane system. The outer membrane of mitochondria is smooth and contains many porins - the integral membrane transporters. Porins enable free diffusion of ions and small uncharged molecules through the outer mitochondrial membrane but limit the transport of molecules larger than 5000 Daltons. Further, the outer mitochondrial membrane forms a unique structure called membrane contact sites with other subcellular organelles,...

Mitochondrial Membranes

Mitochondrial Membranes

A single mitochondrion is a bean-shaped organelle enclosed by a double-membrane system. The outer membrane of mitochondria is smooth and contains many porins - the integral membrane transporters. Porins enable free diffusion of ions and small uncharged molecules through the outer mitochondrial membrane but limit the transport of molecules larger than 5000 Daltons. Further, the outer mitochondrial membrane forms a unique structure called membrane contact sites with other subcellular organelles,...

The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane

The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane

The inner mitochondrial membrane is the primary site of ATP synthesis. The inner membrane domain that forms a smooth layer adjacent to the outer membrane is called the inner boundary membrane. This domain contains membrane transporters that drive metabolites in and out of the mitochondria. In contrast, the inner membrane network that invaginates into the matrix space is called the cristae membrane. This domain accounts for principle mitochondrial function as it accommodates the protein...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Long-term competition experiments reveal limited adaptive evolution in human cell lines.

Scientific reports·2026

Same author

Detection of Gene Fusions in Soft Tissue Sarcoma Using Next-Generation Sequencing.

Genes·2026

Same author

Integrated Immune and Molecular Profiling Identifies Prognostic Subgroups and Therapeutic Targets in Chondrosarcoma.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026

Same author

Mitochondrial retrograde control of transcription evolves with respiratory stress, metabolic adaptation, and virulence in budding yeasts.

Molecular biology and evolution·2026

Same author

Clinicopathological and genomic profiling in undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma: Small series, clear message.

Journal of applied genetics·2025

Same author

Identification of a novel <i>PRUNE2::NTRK2</i> gene fusion in soft tissue sarcoma patients-friend or foe? Case series.

Therapeutic advances in medical oncology·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Mitochondrial Transformation in Baker's Yeast to Study Translation and Respiratory Complex Assembly

Mitochondrial Transformation in Baker's Yeast to Study Translation and Respiratory Complex Assembly

Published on: June 7, 2024

Yeast and human mitochondrial helicases.

Roman J Szczesny¹, Magdalena A Wojcik, Lukasz S Borowski

¹Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.

Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta

|March 5, 2013

Summary

Mitochondrial RNA helicases are crucial for maintaining and expressing mitochondrial DNA in yeast and humans. These enzymes are involved in RNA splicing, degradation, translation, and genome maintenance.

More Related Videos

Analysis of the Expression and Complexes Assembly of the Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Proteins in the Fission Yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe

Analysis of the Expression and Complexes Assembly of the Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Proteins in the Fission Yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe

Published on: May 2, 2025

Labelling and Visualization of Mitochondrial Genome Expression Products in Baker's Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Labelling and Visualization of Mitochondrial Genome Expression Products in Baker's Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Published on: April 11, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 13, 2026

Mitochondrial Transformation in Baker's Yeast to Study Translation and Respiratory Complex Assembly

Mitochondrial Transformation in Baker's Yeast to Study Translation and Respiratory Complex Assembly

Published on: June 7, 2024

Analysis of the Expression and Complexes Assembly of the Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Proteins in the Fission Yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe

Analysis of the Expression and Complexes Assembly of the Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Proteins in the Fission Yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe

Published on: May 2, 2025

Labelling and Visualization of Mitochondrial Genome Expression Products in Baker's Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Labelling and Visualization of Mitochondrial Genome Expression Products in Baker's Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Published on: April 11, 2021

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Genetics
Biochemistry

Background:

Mitochondria possess their own genome, requiring RNA and DNA helicases for maintenance and expression.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae has four nuclear-encoded DExH/D superfamily helicases (MSS116, SUV3, MRH4, IRC3) vital for mitochondrial RNA processes.
Human SUV3 (hSUV3, SUPV3L1) is a key mitochondrial RNA helicase, forming a degradosome complex with PNPase (PNPT1) for RNA degradation.

Purpose of the Study:

To review yeast and human mitochondrial helicases directly involved in RNA metabolism.
To present helicases participating in mitochondrial DNA replication and maintenance.

Main Methods:

Literature review of mitochondrial helicases in yeast and humans.
Analysis of the roles of specific helicases in mitochondrial RNA metabolism and DNA replication.

Main Results:

Four DExH/D superfamily helicases in yeast regulate mitochondrial RNA splicing, degradation, translation, and genome maintenance.
Human hSUV3, along with PNPT1, forms a mitochondrial degradosome involved in RNA degradation.
Helicases like Twinkle (c10orf2) indirectly regulate gene expression by influencing mitochondrial DNA replication.

Conclusions:

Mitochondrial helicases play direct and indirect roles in mitochondrial gene expression and genome stability.
Understanding these helicases is crucial for comprehending mitochondrial biology and potential therapeutic targets.