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Related Concept Videos

Retrovirus Life Cycles01:10

Retrovirus Life Cycles

Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the retrovirus to...
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
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Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
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Treatment Resistent Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistent Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
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Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Oral Combinational Antiretroviral Treatment in HIV-1 Infected Humanized Mice
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Oral Combinational Antiretroviral Treatment in HIV-1 Infected Humanized Mice

Published on: October 6, 2022

Curing HIV: lessons from cancer therapy.

Ronald Mitsuyasu1

  • 1David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, UCLA Center for Clinical AIDS Research and Education (CARE Center), University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90035, USA. rmitsuya@mednet.ucla.edu

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS
|March 5, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Cancer treatments, including chemotherapy, show promise for eliminating HIV. Lessons from cancer therapy may guide new strategies for HIV cure research, potentially leading to an end for the disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Virology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • The potential for an HIV cure has gained urgency following a case of successful HIV remission after a stem cell transplant.
  • This case involved a patient with acute myeloid leukemia receiving a transplant from a CCR5 delta 32 homozygote donor.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of cancer chemotherapy and other cancer-directed treatments in eliminating HIV.
  • To discuss how insights from cancer treatment strategies can inform HIV cure research.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on cancer treatments in both HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected individuals.
  • Analysis of the potential application of anticancer strategies for HIV eradication.

Main Results:

  • Cancer chemotherapy and targeted agents are effective in treating malignancies in patients with and without HIV.
  • These strategies offer valuable lessons for developing more effective HIV control and elimination methods.
  • Early exploration of anticancer strategies in HIV patients is underway.

Conclusions:

  • While cytotoxic chemotherapy is a blunt tool for eliminating latent HIV, novel cancer targeting approaches show promise.
  • New strategies for controlling cancer proliferation may significantly contribute to HIV cure research.
  • These advancements hold potential for eradicating HIV in the future.