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Related Concept Videos

Standing Waves in a Cavity01:28

Standing Waves in a Cavity

A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:
Gauss's Law in Dielectrics01:17

Gauss's Law in Dielectrics

Consider a polar dielectric placed in an external field. In such a dielectric, opposite charges on adjacent dipoles neutralize each other, such that the net charge within the dielectric is zero. When a polar dielectric is inserted in between the capacitor plates, an electric field is generated due to the presence of net charges near the edge of the dielectric and the metal plates interface. Since the external electrical field merely aligns the dipoles, the dielectric as a whole is neutral. An...

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Fabrication of Gate-tunable Graphene Devices for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Studies with Coulomb Impurities
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Graphene sustained nonlinear modes in dielectric waveguides.

Aldo Auditore1, Costantino De Angelis, Andrea Locatelli

  • 1Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Informazione, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia 25123, Italy

Optics Letters
|March 5, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Graphene layers in dielectric waveguides can support nonlinear modes. This research shows graphene induces significant nonlinear phase shifts at low power levels, enabling new photonic applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics and Materials Science
  • Nonlinear Optics
  • Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

  • Dielectric waveguides are crucial for optical signal transmission.
  • Graphene's unique properties offer potential for advanced photonic devices.
  • Nonlinear optical effects are essential for manipulating light.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the existence and characteristics of nonlinear modes sustained by graphene in dielectric waveguides.
  • To model the nonlinear behavior of graphene-integrated waveguide structures.
  • To demonstrate graphene's capability for inducing substantial nonlinear phase shifts.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing the quasi-two-dimensional nature of graphene.
  • Incorporating the nonlinear effect of graphene into continuity equations.
  • Applying the developed model to a slab waveguide configuration.

Main Results:

  • Confirmation of nonlinear modes supported by graphene layers.
  • Demonstration of significant nonlinear phase shifts.
  • Achieving these shifts at easily accessible power levels.

Conclusions:

  • Graphene can effectively sustain nonlinear modes in dielectric waveguides.
  • Graphene integration offers a promising route to achieve large nonlinear optical effects.
  • This work paves the way for low-power nonlinear photonic devices.