Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase and factor...
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways01:19

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway01:22

PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway

The mammalian target of rapamycin  (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1  (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2  (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast,  mTORC2 consists of a rapamycin-insensitive companion...
Hypoxia01:23

Hypoxia

Hypoxia is a medical condition characterized by an inadequate oxygen supply to body tissues. It typically manifests as a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucosae, especially in fair-skinned individuals, when hemoglobin (Hb) saturation drops below 75%.
Types of Hypoxia
There are four primary types of hypoxia, each resulting from a different cause:
1. Anemic hypoxia: This type occurs due to insufficient oxygen delivery caused by a lack of red blood cells (RBCs) or RBCs with abnormal or...
Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the daughter...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Chromosomal 3p loss and 8q gain drive vasculogenic mimicry via HIF-2α and VE-cadherin activation in uveal melanoma.

Cell death and differentiation·2025
Same author

Regulation of ER stress-induced apoptotic and inflammatory responses via YAP/TAZ-mediated control of the TRAIL-R2/DR5 signaling pathway.

Cell death discovery·2025
Same author

Sonoanatomy of the difficult airway. A case-control study.

Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion..·2024
Same author

Author Correction: Universal DNA methylation age across mammalian tissues.

Nature aging·2023
Same author

Universal DNA methylation age across mammalian tissues.

Nature aging·2023
Same author

MAPK11 (p38β) is a major determinant of cellular radiosensitivity by controlling ionizing radiation-associated senescence: An in vitro study.

Clinical and translational radiation oncology·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Co-immunoprecipitation Assay Using Endogenous Nuclear Proteins from Cells Cultured Under Hypoxic Conditions
09:17

Co-immunoprecipitation Assay Using Endogenous Nuclear Proteins from Cells Cultured Under Hypoxic Conditions

Published on: August 2, 2018

Interaction between PARP-1 and HIF-2α in the hypoxic response.

A Gonzalez-Flores1, R Aguilar-Quesada1, E Siles2

  • 1Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine López-Neyra, CSIC, Granada, Spain.

Oncogene
|March 5, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) regulates hypoxia-inducible factor-2 alpha (HIF-2α) expression and activity. PARP-1 inhibition affects HIF-2α stability and downstream gene expression, impacting the hypoxic response in vivo.

More Related Videos

Mechanism of Regulation of Adipocyte Numbers in Adult Organisms Through Differentiation and Apoptosis Homeostasis
08:34

Mechanism of Regulation of Adipocyte Numbers in Adult Organisms Through Differentiation and Apoptosis Homeostasis

Published on: June 3, 2016

Induction and Testing of Hypoxia in Cell Culture
07:01

Induction and Testing of Hypoxia in Cell Culture

Published on: August 12, 2011

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 13, 2026

Co-immunoprecipitation Assay Using Endogenous Nuclear Proteins from Cells Cultured Under Hypoxic Conditions
09:17

Co-immunoprecipitation Assay Using Endogenous Nuclear Proteins from Cells Cultured Under Hypoxic Conditions

Published on: August 2, 2018

Mechanism of Regulation of Adipocyte Numbers in Adult Organisms Through Differentiation and Apoptosis Homeostasis
08:34

Mechanism of Regulation of Adipocyte Numbers in Adult Organisms Through Differentiation and Apoptosis Homeostasis

Published on: June 3, 2016

Induction and Testing of Hypoxia in Cell Culture
07:01

Induction and Testing of Hypoxia in Cell Culture

Published on: August 12, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cellular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are crucial for cellular adaptation to low oxygen.
  • HIF-2α is an isoform with distinct functions compared to HIF-1α.
  • Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is involved in DNA repair and gene transcription.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cross-talk and functional interaction between HIF-2α and PARP-1.
  • To elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of HIF-2α by PARP-1.

Main Methods:

  • Suppression of PARP-1 using various approaches.
  • Analysis of HIF-2α mRNA and protein levels.
  • Assessment of HIF-2-dependent gene expression (ANGPTL4, EPO).
  • Co-immunoprecipitation to detect protein complex formation.
  • Studies in parp-1(-/-) knockout mice.

Main Results:

  • PARP-1 regulates HIF-2α mRNA and protein expression at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels.
  • PARP-1 inhibition leads to reduced HIF-2α stability and decreased expression of HIF-2 target genes.
  • A PARP-1/HIF-2α complex was identified, which is sensitive to PARP inhibition and may protect HIF-2α from degradation.
  • Mice lacking PARP-1 showed reduced hypoxia-induced EPO levels, red blood cell count, and hemoglobin concentration.

Conclusions:

  • PARP-1 plays a significant role in regulating HIF-2α activity and the overall hypoxic response.
  • The interaction between PARP-1 and HIF-2α influences gene expression and cellular adaptation to hypoxia.
  • PARP-1 is a key modulator in the fine-tuning of the HIF-mediated hypoxic response in vivo.