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Related Concept Videos

Sensory Memory01:14

Sensory Memory

Sensory memory captures information from the environment in its original form for a very brief duration, just long enough to be exposed to visual, auditory, and other senses. This type of memory is detailed and rich but quickly lost unless certain strategies are employed to transfer it into short-term or long-term memory. Sensory information is continuously bombarding the human brain, yet only a small fraction is absorbed, as most of it does not significantly impact daily life. For instance,...
System of Memory01:23

System of Memory

Memory is categorized into three major systems: sensory memory, short-term memory (STM), and long-term memory (LTM). These systems differ in their capacity and the duration for which they can hold information. Sensory memory captures raw sensory input from the environment, holding it for just a few seconds or less. For example, on hearing a brief, loud sound, like a car horn honking, the sound seems to linger in the mind for a moment even after it stops. This is an instance of sensory memory...
Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this information.
Storage01:23

Storage

A schema is a mental framework that helps individuals organize and interpret information. Schemata, formed from previous experiences, influence how we process new information: how we encode it, the inferences we make, and how we retrieve it. For instance, a schema for what a typical classroom looks like might include desks, a teacher's desk, a whiteboard, and students in such an environment. This expectation helps us quickly understand and navigate new classrooms without needing to analyze each...
Visual Agnosia01:12

Visual Agnosia

Visual agnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite having normal vision. For instance, a person with visual agnosia can describe the shape and color of an object but cannot identify or name it. This impairment does not affect their visual field, acuity, color vision, brightness discrimination, language, or memory. An example of this condition in a social setting is someone at a dinner party asking for "that silver thing with a round end"...
Long-Term Memory01:18

Long-Term Memory

Long-term memory is a relatively permanent type of memory, capable of storing vast amounts of information over extended periods. Its storage capacity is generally considered unlimited.
Long-term memory can be categorized into two primary types: explicit and implicit memory. Explicit memory, also known as declarative memory, involves the conscious recollection of information that we deliberately try to remember, recall, and articulate. This type of memory encompasses specific facts, events, and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Eye Movement Monitoring of Memory
08:06

Eye Movement Monitoring of Memory

Published on: August 15, 2010

Fragile visual short-term memory is an object-based and location-specific store.

Yaïr Pinto1, Ilja G Sligte, Kimron L Shapiro

  • 1Cognitive Neuroscience Group, Department of Psychology, and Cognitive Science Center Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands. yair.pinto@gmail.com

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review
|March 5, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fragile visual short-term memory (FM) is a newly identified memory type. It is erased only when a new scene matches the exact location and objects of the old one.

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Last Updated: May 13, 2026

Eye Movement Monitoring of Memory
08:06

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Published on: August 15, 2010

A Within-Subject Experimental Design using an Object Location Task in Rats
09:28

A Within-Subject Experimental Design using an Object Location Task in Rats

Published on: May 6, 2021

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test
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A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test

Published on: May 16, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception

Background:

  • Fragile visual short-term memory (FM) is a recently discovered memory form.
  • It offers high-capacity storage, similar to iconic memory, but with longer duration, akin to visual working memory.
  • FM appears to be resistant to interference.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the functional mechanisms underlying fragile visual short-term memory.
  • To determine the conditions under which FM is erased or preserved.

Main Methods:

  • The study involved presenting visual scenes and assessing recall under varying conditions.
  • Researchers manipulated the location and object content of subsequent visual scenes to observe effects on memory.

Main Results:

  • Fragile visual short-term memory is completely erased only when a new visual scene appears in the identical location and contains the same objects as the information to be recalled.
  • This indicates that FM is a storage system highly specific to both object identity and spatial location.

Conclusions:

  • Fragile visual short-term memory functions as an object- and location-specific store.
  • FM may play a role in everyday situations where visual information is presented in a consistent manner regarding location and content.