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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

Overview
Special Features of Adaptive Immunity01:20

Special Features of Adaptive Immunity

The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...

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Updated: May 13, 2026

A DNA/Ki67-Based Flow Cytometry Assay for Cell Cycle Analysis of Antigen-Specific CD8 T Cells in Vaccinated Mice
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A DNA/Ki67-Based Flow Cytometry Assay for Cell Cycle Analysis of Antigen-Specific CD8 T Cells in Vaccinated Mice

Published on: January 5, 2021

Memory CD8⁺ T cell protection.

Sanda Remakus1, Luis J Sigal

  • 1Immune Cell Development and Host Defense, The Research Institute of Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA. Sanda.Remakus@fccc.edu

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|March 5, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Generating protective memory CD8⁺ T cells via vaccination is key for disease prevention. Understanding their functions and recall expansion optimizes vaccine-induced immunity against pathogens.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Memory CD8⁺ T cells are crucial for controlling infections.
  • Vaccination strategies aim to generate protective memory CD8⁺ T cell responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss essential antiviral effector functions of memory CD8⁺ T cells.
  • To highlight the impact of recall expansion on primary CD8⁺ T cell responses.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and discussion of immunological principles.
  • Analysis of existing data on T cell memory and recall responses.

Main Results:

  • Memory CD8⁺ T cells possess critical antiviral effector functions.
  • Recall expansion of memory CD8⁺ T cells can influence the primary immune response.

Conclusions:

  • Optimizing vaccine-induced CD8⁺ T cell immunity requires understanding protective memory cell characteristics.
  • Further research into recall expansion dynamics can refine vaccination strategies.