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Related Concept Videos

Gene Flow02:39

Gene Flow

Gene flow is the transfer of genes among populations, resulting from either the dispersal of gametes or from the migration of individuals.
Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift01:09

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).
Frequency-dependent Selection01:21

Frequency-dependent Selection

When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.
Genetics of Speciation02:16

Genetics of Speciation

Speciation is the evolutionary process resulting in the formation of new, distinct species—groups of reproductively isolated populations.
Hybrid Zones02:29

Hybrid Zones

Hybrid zones are narrow regions where two closely related species interact, mate, and produce hybrids. Relative to either parent species, hybrids may possess distinct phenotypic or genetic differences that impact their survival and reproductive success. The genetic variances introduced by hybridization influence species diversity and speciation processes within the hybrid zone.
Genetic Drift03:33

Genetic Drift

Natural selection—probably the most well-known evolutionary mechanism—increases the prevalence of traits that enhance survival and reproduction. However, evolution does not merely propagate favorable traits, nor does it always benefit populations.

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Related Experiment Video

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Combined Immunofluorescence and DNA FISH on 3D-preserved Interphase Nuclei to Study Changes in 3D Nuclear Organization
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Identifying loci under selection against gene flow in isolation-with-migration models.

Vitor C Sousa1, Miguel Carneiro, Nuno Ferrand

  • 1Department of Genetics, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA. vitor.sousa@iee.unibe.ch

Genetics
|March 5, 2013
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a new model to understand how gene flow and selection interact during species divergence. The method accounts for varying genetic drift and migration rates across genomes, improving demographic inference and identifying selected loci.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Population genetics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Divergence with gene flow presents complex evolutionary dynamics.
  • Selection against gene flow can lead to genomic regions with varying migration and drift rates.
  • Traditional demographic inference models often assume uniform genetic forces across the genome.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel isolation-with-migration model that accommodates heterogeneity in migration and genetic drift across genomic regions.
  • To enable more accurate demographic inference in the presence of selection acting on gene flow.
  • To identify loci that have been affected by selection during population divergence.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a flexible isolation-with-migration model allowing loci to belong to different parameter groups.
  • Relaxed the assumption of uniform demographic parameters across the genome.
  • Applied the model to simulated data to assess performance and to empirical data from European rabbit subspecies divergence.

Main Results:

  • The new model demonstrated improved ability to handle demographic histories influenced by selection.
  • The method successfully identified genomic regions with differing migration and drift rates.
  • Application to European rabbits provided insights into their divergence patterns.

Conclusions:

  • The developed model enhances demographic inference by accounting for genomic heterogeneity in evolutionary forces.
  • This approach is valuable for studying species divergence, particularly when gene flow is involved.
  • It offers a powerful tool for identifying loci under selection and understanding complex evolutionary histories.