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Related Concept Videos

Nucleotide Excision Repair01:38

Nucleotide Excision Repair

DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
Nucleotide Excision Repair01:08

Nucleotide Excision Repair

Overview
Nucleotide Excision Repair01:08

Nucleotide Excision Repair

Overview
Base Excision Repair01:54

Base Excision Repair

One of the common DNA damages is the chemical alteration of single bases by alkylation, oxidation, or deamination. The altered bases cause mispairing and strand breakage during replication. This type of damage causes minimal change to the DNA double helix structure and can be repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathways. BER corrects damaged DNA sequences by removing the damaged base and restoring the original base sequence using the complementary strand as a template.
The first step of...
Base Excision Repair01:54

Base Excision Repair

One of the common DNA damages is the chemical alteration of single bases by alkylation, oxidation, or deamination. The altered bases cause mispairing and strand breakage during replication. This type of damage causes minimal change to the DNA double helix structure and can be repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathways. BER corrects damaged DNA sequences by removing the damaged base and restoring the original base sequence using the complementary strand as a template.
The first step of...
Long-patch Base Excision Repair01:02

Long-patch Base Excision Repair

Since the discovery of the two BER pathways, there has been a debate about how a cell chooses one pathway over the other and the factors determining this selection. Numerous in vitro experiments have pointed out multiple determinants for the sub-pathway selection. These are:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Atomic Force Microscopy Investigations of DNA Lesion Recognition in Nucleotide Excision Repair
10:59

Atomic Force Microscopy Investigations of DNA Lesion Recognition in Nucleotide Excision Repair

Published on: May 24, 2017

Prokaryotic nucleotide excision repair.

Caroline Kisker1, Jochen Kuper, Bennett Van Houten

  • 1Rudolf-Virchow-Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany. caroline.kisker@virchow.uni-wuerzburg.de

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology
|March 5, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Bacteria use nucleotide excision repair (NER) to fix DNA damage from harsh environments. This complex protein system accurately removes toxic lesions, ensuring genetic integrity for survival.

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Proofreading and DNA Repair Assay Using Single Nucleotide Extension and MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Published on: June 19, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is crucial for bacterial survival in diverse, damaging environments.
  • NER possesses a broad substrate repertoire, accommodating various chemical compositions and DNA structures.
  • Recent structural biology and single-molecule studies enhance understanding of NER components.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the intricate mechanisms of Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER) in bacteria.
  • To detail the structure-function relationships of key NER proteins.
  • To provide insight into the multi-step process of DNA lesion removal and repair.

Main Methods:

  • Structural biology techniques
  • Single-molecule studies
  • Biochemical assays to analyze protein-DNA interactions

Main Results:

  • Detailed insights into the dynamic probing and verification of DNA damage by NER proteins.
  • Characterization of the dual incision and excision steps for damaged nucleotides.
  • Demonstration of the template-dependent DNA resynthesis and ligation for complete repair.

Conclusions:

  • NER is a highly versatile and accurate DNA repair system essential for bacterial adaptation.
  • Advances in structural and single-molecule studies are key to understanding NER's functional complexity.
  • The NER pathway ensures genomic stability by efficiently removing diverse DNA lesions.