Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 13, 2026

Four-Dimensional CT Analysis Using Sequential 3D-3D Registration
Published on: November 23, 2019
Age estimation from radiographic images of the knee
1Centre for Anatomy and Human Identification, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK. l.hackman@dundee.ac.uk
Abstract:
This study examines the reliability of age estimation utilizing the Pyle and Hoerr atlas in relation to a modern Scottish population. The knee radiographs of 442 individuals (168 females, 274 males) were age assessed using the Pyle and Hoerr atlas. Analysis showed that there was a strong correlation between chronological age and estimated age (females R²=0.968, males R²=0.952). For females, the atlas method was most accurate between the ages of 9 and 15 years of age with an underage of 2.27 months and an overage of 2.38 months. For males, the atlas consistently overestimated age from the age of 9 years to the age of 16 years from between 0.14 and 8.81 months. The standard deviation for females was 9.86 months and for males was 10.75 months. This study showed that the Pyle and Hoerr atlas can be applied to a modern population with small modifications.